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SEM-IV Terapéutica Farmacológica > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

Biguanidas

A

Metformina

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2
Q

MoA de biguanidas

A

Inh gluconeogen hep
↑cap periférica de glu
↑sensibilidad a glu

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3
Q

Indicas de biguanidas

A

1º DM2
Px sobrepeso u obesidad

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4
Q

EA de biguanidas

A

Gastroint
↓ absorción v. B12
Acidosis láctica

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5
Q

Contraindicas de biguanidas

A

Filtrado glo <30 mL/min

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6
Q

Tiazolidinedionas

A

Pioglitazona
Rosiglitazon

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7
Q

MoA de tiazolidinedionas

A

Ago de R nuc. PPAR-gamma
- Aumenta sens de insulina en musc, grasa e higado

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8
Q

Indicas de tiazolidinedionas

A

DM2 con resist a insul
Combinada con metformina

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9
Q

EA de tiazolidinedionas

A

↑ peso
Retención de liq→IC
Fracturas (>mujeres)
Pio: Ca vesical

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10
Q

Contraindicas de tiazolidinedionas

A

IC congestiva

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11
Q

Sulfonilureas

A

Glibenclamida
Glipizida
Glimepiri

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12
Q

MoA de sulfonilureas

A

Lib de insulina al bloq ca K ATP-dep en c. beta

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13
Q

Indicas de sulfonilureas

A

DM2 con reserva pancreática funcional
Control glicémico adm de forma regular

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14
Q

EA de sulfonilureas

A

Hipoglucemia (riesgo alto)
Aumento de peso
Reac alérgicas cruzadas con sulfas

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15
Q

Contraindicas de sulfonilureas

A

Riesgo de hipoglu
- Viejitos
- Insuf renal

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16
Q

Glinidas

A

Meglitinidas
- Repaglinida
- Nateglinid

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17
Q

Moa de glinidas

A

Lib rápida de insulina
- Unión a R SUR1 de ca K

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18
Q

Indicas de glinidas

A

DM2 control gli postprandial
Px con horarios de comuda irregulares
Alt de sulfonilureas o con hipoglu frec

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19
Q

Adm de glinidas

A

Antes de comer

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20
Q

EA de glinidas

A

Hipoglucemia
Aumento de peso leve
Gastrointestinales
Prurito

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21
Q

Vida media de glinidas

A

Corta
1 hrs

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22
Q

Eliminació de glinidas

A

Hepática

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23
Q

Acción de glinidas

A

Rápido
Menos riesgo de hipoglu que sulfo

24
Q

Incretínicos – Análogos de GLP

A

Exenatida
Liraglutida
Semaglutid

25
MoA de incretínicos
Ago de R GLP-1 ↑ secreción de insul glu-dep ↓ glucagon Realentizan vaciamiento gástrico
26
Indicas de incretínicos
DM2 con obesidad
27
Adm de incretínicos
Subcutáneo
28
EA de incretínicos
Nauseas Vómito Pancreatitis Pérdida de peso
29
Uso de incretínicos
NO se usan solos
30
Inh de DPP-4
Sitagliptina Saxagliptina
31
MoA de inh de DPP-4
Inh dipeptidil peptidasa-4, enz que degrada GLP-1 - ↑ incretininas endógenas
32
Indicas de inh de DPP-4
DM2
33
Adm de inh de DPP-4
Orales Combinados con otra cosa
34
EA de inh de DPP-4
Pancreatitis Infecc resp Cefalea Cardiovasc (Saxa)
35
Inh de α-glucosidasa
Acarbosa Miglito
36
MoA de inh de α-glucosidasa
Inh enz en borde de cepillo int → retrasa absorción de carbs
37
EA de inh de α-glucosidasa
Flatulencia Distención ab Diarrea
38
Importante de corrección de hipoglu con inh de α-glucosidasa
Adm glucosa porque sacarosa esta bloq
39
Inh de SGLT-2
Canagliflozina Dapagliflozina Empagliflozina
40
MoA de inh de SGLT-2
Inh co-transp Na-Glu tipo 2 en TP (glucosuria)
41
Indicas de inh de SGLT-2
DM2 con ERC o riesgo cardiovascular
42
Adm de inh de SGLT-2
Oral
43
EA de inh de SGLT-2
Infecc urinarias y genitales micóticas Hipotensión por diuresis Cetoacidosis euglucémica
44
Inh de SGLT-2 útiles en IC o ERC
Dapagliflozina Empagliflozina
45
MoA de insulinas
Activan R de insulina→estimula cap de glu e inh gluconeogénesis hep
46
Tipos de insulinas
Rápida Intermedia Lenta / larga duración
47
Insulinas rápidas
Lispro aspart Glulisina
48
Insulinas intermedias
NPH
49
Insulinas lentas / larga duración
Glargina Detemir Degludec
50
Indicas de insulinas
DM1 siempre DM2 cuando fallan farm orales Cetoacidosis Estrés metabólico Hospitalización
51
EA de insulinas
Hipoglu Aumento de peso Lipodistrofia
52
Inicio, pico y duración de insulinas rápidas
Inicio: 5-15 min Pico: 1 hrs Duración: 3-4 hrs
53
Inicio, pico y duración de insulina regular
Inicio: 30 min Pico: 2-3 hrs Duración: 4-6 hrs
54
Inicio, pico y duración de insulinas intermedias
Inicio: 1-2 hrs Pico: 6-10 hrs Duración: 10-16 hrs
55
Inicio, pico y duración de insulinas lentas
Inicio: 1-4 hrs Pico: no def Duración: 24-42 hrs
56
Insulinas mixtas
Insul rápida + NPH

SEM-IV Terapéutica Farmacológica (38 decks)

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