Developmental Anatomy Flashcards
Study of developmental events occurring prior to birth?
Embryology
Development can be broken down into two functions. What are these two functions?
Differentiation and Reproduction
Formation and organization of all diverse cell types.
Differentiation
New individuals are produced from generation to generation.
Reproduction
The first 38 weeks of human development that begins with the fertilization and ends with birth is the _______ period?
Prenatal period
What 3 periods separate the prenatal period?
- Pre-embryonic period
- Embryonic period
- Fetal period
How long is the pre-embryonic period?
The first 2 weeks of development
How long in the embryonic period?
The 3rd - 8th week of development
How long is the fetal period?
The last 30 weeks of development.
What are the developmental processes called that occur in preembryonic and embryonic periods?
Embryogenesis
The embryonic process where the zygote undergoes mitotic cell division to form blastocyst.
Cleavage
The embryonic process where blastocyst forms 3 primary germ layers.
Gastrulation
The embryonic process where 3 primary germ layers
arrange themselves to give rise to all organs in the body.
Organogenesis
What is the process whereby two sex cells fuse to
form a new cell containing genetic material derived from both parents?
(Haploid sperm reaches haploid secondary oocyte)
Fertilization
Where does fertilization occur?
In ampulla of uterine tube
What path does sperm take to achieve fertilization?
- Sperm swim from the vagina to the cervix
- Mainly pass through the uterus and uterine
tubes due to contraction of the walls of
these structures
What is gametogenesis?
Production of sex cells (gametes)
What are gametes?
Sex cells
What is produced in gametogenesis? (Hint: Chromosomes, autosomes).
23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 autosomes, and 1 sex cell
In gametes, these contain genetic information for characteristics.
Autosomes
What determines sex?
Sex chromosomes
Male =_____ vs Female =_____
Male = XY Female = XX
Are gametes diploid or haploid?
Haploid
What cellular division produces 2 diploid cells that
are identical to the parent cell?
Mitosis