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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomy?

A

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.

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2
Q

What is Physiology?

A

Study of the function of body parts and how they work together. (HOMEOSTASIS)

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3
Q

What languages do our anatomical terms come from?

A

Greek and Latin

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4
Q

The position where body is erect, head is forward and arms are at side with palms forward.

A

Anatomical position

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5
Q

Position where body is laying face down.

A

Prone

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6
Q

Position where body is lying face up.

A

Supine

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7
Q

Planes: What are anatomical planes?

A

Four imaginary flat surfaces or planes that pass through the body in anatomical position.

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8
Q

Planes: What is the sagittal plane?

A

Divides body into left and right parts

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9
Q

Planes: What is the transverse plane?

A

Divides body into superior and inferior parts.

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10
Q

Planes: What is the coronal plane?

A

Divides body into anterior and posterior parts.

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11
Q

Planes: What is the oblique plane?

A

Passes through organ or through body at an angle.

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12
Q

What kind of anatomy can’t be seen with the naked eye?

A

Microscopic anatomy

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13
Q

What kind of anatomy studies visible structures?

A

Gross anatomy

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14
Q

What type of anatomy studies embryology?

A

Developmental anatomy

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15
Q

Organization of the body: Put organ system, organ, cell, organism and tissue in order in levels of organization.

A

Cell < Tissue < Organ < Organ System < Organism

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16
Q

Organ Systems: Bones, Cartilage, Joints

A

Skeletal System

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17
Q

Organ Systems: Brain, Spinal Chord, and Peripheral Nerves

A

Nervous System

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18
Q

Organ Systems: Heart, Blood Vessels

A

Cardiovascular System

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19
Q

Organ Systems: Hair, Skin, Nails

A

Integumentary System

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20
Q

Organ Systems: Skeletal Muscles, Tendons

A

Muscular System

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21
Q

Organ Systems: Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Adrenal Glands and Testes

A

Endocrine System

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22
Q

Organ Systems: Spleen, Lymph Nodes and Lymphatic Vessels

A

Lymphatic System

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23
Q

Organ Systems: Stomach, Liver, Gall Bladder, Large Intestines and Small Intestines

A

Digestive System

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24
Q

Organ System: Nasal Passage, Trachea, Lungs

A

Respiratory System

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25
Q

Organ Systems: Kidneys, Urinary Bladder

A

Urinary System

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26
Q

Organ System: Epidydimis, Testes,

A

Male Reproductive System

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27
Q

Organ System: Mammary Glands, Ovaries, Uterus

A

Female Reproductive System

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28
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is Nasal Region?

A

Nose

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29
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is Oral Region?

A

Mouth

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30
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is Cervical Region?

A

Neck

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31
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Deltoid Region?

A

Shoulder

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32
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Axillary Region?

A

Armpit

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33
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Brachial Region?

A

Arm

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34
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Antecubital Region?

A

Front of Elbow

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35
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Antebrachial Region?

A

Forearm

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36
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Coxal Region?

A

Hip

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37
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the carpal region?

A

Wrist

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38
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the palmar region?

A

Palm

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39
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the digital region?

A

Fingers

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40
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the femoral region?

41
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the patellar region?

42
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the crural region?

43
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the pes region?

44
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the cephalic region?

45
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the frontal region?

46
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the orbital region?

47
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the buccal region?

48
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the mental region?

49
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the sternal region?

50
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the pectoral region?

51
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the mammary region?

52
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the abdominal region?

53
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the pelvic region?

54
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Inguinal Region?

55
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the pubic region?

A

Genitalia area

56
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the tarsal region?

57
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the Dorsum of the foot?

A

Top of foot

58
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Anterior View): What is the digital foot region?

59
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the cranial region?

A

Part of head surrounding brain

60
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the Occipital region?

A

Back of head

61
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the Auricular Region?

62
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the deltoid region?

63
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the thoracic region?

A

Top back muscles

64
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the vertebral region?

A

Spinal column

65
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the brachial region?

66
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the olecranal region?

67
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the abdominal region?

A

Just above lower back

68
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the lumbar region?

A

Lower back

69
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the sacral region?

A

Above butt crack

70
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the Antabrachial region?

71
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the Gluteal region?

72
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the Dorsum of the hand?

A

hand region superior to knuckles

73
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the manus region?

74
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the perineal region?

75
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the femoral region?

76
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the popliteal region?

A

Back of knee

77
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the sural region?

78
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the calcaneal region?

79
Q

Regional Anatomical Terms (Posterior View): What is the plantar region?

A

Sole of foot

80
Q

Spaces within the
body that hold and protect the
visceral organs?

A

Body Cavities

81
Q

What are the two major body cavities?

A

Dorsal (back) and Ventral (front)

82
Q

What cavities are in the dorsal cavity?

A

Cranial cavity and vertebral cavity

83
Q

What cavities are in the ventral cavity?

A

Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

84
Q

What ventral cavity has 2 pleural cavities, the mediastinum and the pericardial cavity?

A

Thoracic Cavity

85
Q

What thoracic cavity holds the lungs?

A

Pleural cavities

86
Q

What thoracic cavity holds the heart?

A

Pericardial cavity

87
Q

What abdominopelvic cavity contains stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, gallbladder, kidneys and peritoneum?

A

Abdominal cavity

88
Q

What abdominopelvic cavity contains portion of large intestine, urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum?

A

Pelvic cavity

89
Q

What kind of membrane covers the outside of organs and the walls of body cavities?

A

Serous membrane

90
Q

What is the parietal layer of serous membrane?

A

Adheres to wall of body cavity

91
Q

What is the visceral layer of serous membrane?

A

Adheres to outside of organ

92
Q

What serous membrane surround the pleural cavity and the lungs?

93
Q

What serous membrane surrounds the pericardial cavity and the heart?

A

Pericardium

94
Q

What serous membrane surrounds the abdominal cavity and the abdominal organs?

A

Peritoneum

95
Q 
X-rays passing through the body onto film
• Fewer rays pass through dense structures
to reach film and show up lighter
• Denser structures (bones) = lighter
color, Less dense (spaces) = black
• Everything will be shades of gray
• Low radiation
• Low cost
A

Radiography

96
Q 
Computer assisted radiography in which
x-rays are directed in many different
angles around a section of the body
• Visualizes soft tissues
• Creates flat slices through the body
• Like X-ray denser structure = lighter
color
• Uses radiation
• Higher cost
A

Computerized Tomography

97
Q

Visualizes structures by recording pulses of
ultrasonic waves bouncing off tissues
• Cross sectional image viewed in real time
• Can demonstrate movement
• Doppler ultrasonography can detect velocity of
moving object – can be used for blood blood
flow
• Low cost
• No radiation
• Portable

A

Ultrasonography

98
Q 
• The machine uses a large magnet
and a computer to take pictures of the
inside of your body. Each picture or
"slice" shows only a few layers of body
tissue at a time. The pictures can then
be examined on a computer monitor
• Similar to CT images but better for
tissue differentiation
• No radiation
• High cost
A

MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging

99
Q 
Body is injected with radioactive
isotopes - decay quickly, positrons are
released
• Areas with high number of positrons
are more active
• Good for showing high rates of activity:
oxygen consumption, metabolism (FDGfluorodeoxyglucose)
• High cost
• Higher radiation
• Lower resolution than fMRI
A

Nuclear Imaging

Anatomy (18 decks)

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