Development of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

what are endocardial heart tubes dervied from

A

blood islands

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2
Q

what happens in lateral folding

A

two endocardial tubes join to make one heart tube

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3
Q

what is direction of primitive blood flow

A

inferior to superior

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4
Q

what causes dextrocardia

A

problem with Dynein microtubules

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5
Q

what separates primitive atrium and ventricle

A

atrioventricular canal

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6
Q

what causes division of atrioventricular canal into two

A

lateral and inferior endocardial cushions

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7
Q

what is ostium

A

hole

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8
Q

how is foramen ovale formed

A

septum primum and secundum grow. leave a space.

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9
Q

flow of blood through foramen ovale

A

r to left

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10
Q

what closes foramen ovale

A

septum primum

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11
Q

most common septal defect

A

ventricular

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12
Q

VSD cyanotic?

A

no

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13
Q

what does truncus arteriosus form

A

aorta and pulmonary trunk

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14
Q

what causes truncus arteriosus septation

A

truncoconal swellings growing in a sprial

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15
Q

what brings ox blood to foetus

A

umbilical vein

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16
Q

four acyanotic heart lesions

A

ASD
VSD
Patent ductus arteriosus
coarctation of aorta

17
Q

what is coarctation of aorta

A

pre or post ductal narrowing of aorta

18
Q

risk of small PDA

A

bacterial endocarditis

19
Q

3 cyanotic heart lesions

A

Tetralogy of Fallot
Persistent truncus arteriosus
transposition of great vessels

20
Q

tetralogy of F

A

VSD
massive aorta
pulmonary stenosis
r ventricle hypertrophy

21
Q

persistent truncus arteriosus

A

one vessel coming from both ventricles - HF

22
Q

transposition of g vessels?

A

bad spiraling
immediate surgery

23
Q

where does gas exchange happen in foetus

24
Q

what do umb il arteries do

A

carry deox blood from foetus to placenta

25
ductus arteriosus?
ox blood from pulmonary artery to aorta, bypassing lungs
26
ductus venosus?
bypasses foetal liver carries oxygenated blood from umbilical vein to IVC
27
changes at birth
lungs start ductus v -> ligamentum venosum ductus a -> ligamentum arteriosum foramen ovale -> fossa ovalis umb vein -> ligamentum teres umb artery -> medial umbilical ligament
28
label
1 fossa ovalis 2 pectinate muscles 3 SVC 4 christae terminalis
29
label
4 ligamentum arteriosum 5 pulmonary trunk
30