CVS clinical skills Flashcards
What is malar flush
pinky purple high cheeks
mitral stenosis
Co2 retention
what should you look for in eyes when examining CVS
pallor of conjunctivae
xanthelasma
corneal arcus
corneal arcus in under 40
familial hyperlipidemia/hypercholesterolemia
dodgy
heart disease
hands in CVS exam
splinter haemorrhages
clubbing
janeway#’s lesions
Osler’s nodes
tar
tendon xanthomata
temp and perfusion
splinter haemhorrages
normally trauma but can be eg trichonosis or sub-acute bacterial endocarditis
Janeway lesions
BAD
Janeway lesions are irregular, nontender hemorrhagic macules located on the palms, soles, thenar and hypothenar eminences of the hands, and plantar surfaces of the toes. They typically last for days to weeks. They are usually seen with the acute form of bacterial endocarditis.
Oslers nodes. Condition?
Tender regular shaped nodes
sub-acute endocarditis
tendon xanthomata
cholesterol depostits on tendons
hypercholesterolaemia
how do you observe nutrition status
“body habitus is consistent with…”
exposure
shirt off and shoes and socks off
Observe Marfan, Turner syndrome
aortic dissection
poor dental hygiene can lead to
bacterial endocarditis
Osler nodes painful?
yes
Janeway lesions painful?
no
clubbing sign name
Schamroth’s window
heave
left ventricle thud against the wall
thrill
murmur (regurgitation)
What sounds with what valvulopathies
Mr. Ass
Ms. Ard
Mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis systole
Mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation diastole
how do you conclude?
this is a …patient…presented with…. on examination I found…
remember walkin aids, GTN spray
conclude succinctly but thoroughly in the same order you examined
what hands/wrists findings in resp exam
Nails – tar, yellow nails, clubbing
Joints – hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy (HPOA) – ‘painful swelling’ of wrists/ankles
Palms – cyanosis, muscle wasting
Wrist – HPOA, ‘CO2 tremor’ ‘salbutamol tremor’
what are the 4 pillars of wellness
temp
pulse
O2 levels
BP
what tremor in low CO2
wrist flapping tremor
neck in resp exam
JVP tracheal deviation lymph nodes
mouth in resp exam
cyanosis
whilst you are at the back, looking for scars check…
lymph nodes
lymph nodes associated with (2)
cancer
infections
palpate thorax for (3) resp exam
apex beat
Hoover’s sign
expansion
pleural effusion sounds like on percussino
stony dullness
where do you percuss the lungs
intercostal spaces, not ribs
other tests resp examq
Temperature and peripheral oxygen saturations
Peak flow
Spirometry
Sputum culture
Chest radiograph
Chest CT scan
what is a rub?
The pleural rub sound results from the movement of inflamed and roughened pleural surfaces against one another during movement of the chest wall. [1] This sound is non-musical and described as “grating,” “creaky,” or “the sound made by walking on fresh snow.”[2] It is often heard in the upper lung fields.
why do chemo pts have tb test
chemo agents can reactivate it
pectus carinatum is
out-pointing chest
pectus excavatum is
in pointing chest
which bit of stethoscope to auscultate apex of lungs
small one
which breathing signs might you see from bottom of the bed
accessory muscles
stridor/cough
pursed lip breathing
proper name for normal breath sounds
vesicular breathing
