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Year 2 CR > anaemias > Flashcards

anaemias Flashcards

1
Q

microcytic anaemias acronym

A

Thalassaemia
Anaemia of chronic disease
Iron deficiency
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic

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2
Q

what are the two subsets of microcytic anaemia

A

haem problem or globin problem

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3
Q

IDA is what sort of anaemia

A

microcytic

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4
Q

globin problem is

A

thalassaemia

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5
Q

where iron absorved

A

duodenum and upper jejunum

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6
Q

how is iron excreted

A

it isn’t

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7
Q

iron absorbed best in… environment

A

acidic

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8
Q

what is DMT1

A

divalent metal transferase
- absorbs iron into enterocyte

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9
Q

what stops iron from leaving enterocytes

A

hepcidin (blocks ferroportin)

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10
Q

where does most iron go

A

bone marrow

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11
Q

EPO 2 jobs

A

increase maturation of erythroblasts
increased proerythroblast formation

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12
Q

RBC glut transporter

A

1

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13
Q

who recycles iron in spleen

A

macrophages

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14
Q

how does iron get out of macrophages

A

ferroportin

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15
Q

hepcidin goes up in..

A

inflammation

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16
Q

why are end-stage kidney pts anaemic

A

no EPO made

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17
Q

haemolytic anaemia

A

too much bilirubin in blood - jaundice

18
Q

aniscytosis

A

varying size RBC on smear

19
Q

how many irons on one transferrin

A

2

20
Q

which IL increses hipcidin production in th eliver

A

IL6

21
Q

IDA and inflammation which test

A

serum transferrin saturation

22
Q

macrocytic aneamia causes

A

B12 and folate deficiency

23
Q

folate is converted to.. in the…by

A

tertrahydrofolate in the gut dihydrofolate reductase

24
Q

folate is used to

A

transfer carbon eg methyl groups

25
Q

liver store of folate

A

3-4 months

26
Q

drug which impairs dihydrofolate

A

methotrexate

27
Q
A

hypersegmented nucleus of neutrophil, large RBC
megaloblastic anaemia

28
Q

B 12 is for

A

methianine synthase
methyl malonyl co-A mutase

29
Q

methyl malonyl co-A mutase deficiency

A

myelination prob

30
Q

megalobastic anaemia plus neurologic symptoms

A

B12 deficiency

31
Q

folate deficiency neurological symptoms in adults?

A

no

32
Q

where is B12 stored? How long?`

A

liver 3-6 years

33
Q

NOS abuse leads to

A

B12 deficiency - neurological damage

34
Q

most specific test for pernicious anaemia

A

anti IF antibodies

35
Q

what does methyl malonyl mutase enzyme do

A

Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase catalyzes the conversion of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, thus linking the final catabolic pathways of branched-chain amino acids, odd-chain fatty acids, and cholesterol to the Krebs cycle

36
Q

how can folate supplementation mask B12 deficiency

A
37
Q

blood test for B12 deficiency other than measurin B 12

A

homocysteinuria

38
Q

megaloblastic =

A

large, hypersegmented neutrophils

39
Q

explain how folatepenia can be masked by B12 supplementation

A
40
Q

generally speaking, black urine=

A

haemolytic anemia

41
Q
A

Year 2 CR (33 decks)

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