anaemias

Question 1

microcytic anaemias acronym

Answer 1

Thalassaemia
Anaemia of chronic disease
Iron deficiency
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic

Question 2

what are the two subsets of microcytic anaemia

Answer 2

haem problem or globin problem

Question 3

IDA is what sort of anaemia

Answer 3

microcytic

Question 4

globin problem is

Answer 4

thalassaemia

Question 5

where iron absorved

Answer 5

duodenum and upper jejunum

Question 6

how is iron excreted

Answer 6

it isn’t

Question 7

iron absorbed best in… environment

Answer 7

acidic

Question 8

what is DMT1

Answer 8

divalent metal transferase
- absorbs iron into enterocyte

Question 9

what stops iron from leaving enterocytes

Answer 9

hepcidin (blocks ferroportin)

Question 10

where does most iron go

Answer 10

bone marrow

Question 11

EPO 2 jobs

Answer 11

increase maturation of erythroblasts
increased proerythroblast formation

Question 12

RBC glut transporter

Answer 12

1

Question 13

who recycles iron in spleen

Answer 13

macrophages

Question 14

how does iron get out of macrophages

Answer 14

ferroportin

Question 15

hepcidin goes up in..

Answer 15

inflammation

Question 16

why are end-stage kidney pts anaemic

Answer 16

no EPO made

Question 17

haemolytic anaemia

Answer 17

too much bilirubin in blood - jaundice

Question 18

aniscytosis

Answer 18

varying size RBC on smear

Question 19

how many irons on one transferrin

Answer 19

2

Question 20

which IL increses hipcidin production in th eliver

Answer 20

IL6

Question 21

IDA and inflammation which test

Answer 21

serum transferrin saturation

Question 22

macrocytic aneamia causes

Answer 22

B12 and folate deficiency

Question 23

folate is converted to.. in the…by

Answer 23

tertrahydrofolate in the gut dihydrofolate reductase

Question 24

folate is used to

Answer 24

transfer carbon eg methyl groups

Question 25

liver store of folate

Answer 25

3-4 months

Question 26

drug which impairs dihydrofolate

Answer 26

methotrexate

Question 27

Answer 27

hypersegmented nucleus of neutrophil, large RBC megaloblastic anaemia

Question 28

B 12 is for

Answer 28

methianine synthase methyl malonyl co-A mutase

Question 29

methyl malonyl co-A mutase deficiency

Answer 29

myelination prob

Question 30

megalobastic anaemia plus neurologic symptoms

Answer 30

B12 deficiency

Question 31

folate deficiency neurological symptoms in adults?

Answer 31

no

Question 32

where is B12 stored? How long?`

Answer 32

liver 3-6 years

Question 33

NOS abuse leads to

Answer 33

B12 deficiency - neurological damage

Question 34

most specific test for pernicious anaemia

Answer 34

anti IF antibodies

Question 35

what does methyl malonyl mutase enzyme do

Answer 35

Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase catalyzes the conversion of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, thus linking the final catabolic pathways of branched-chain amino acids, odd-chain fatty acids, and cholesterol to the Krebs cycle

Question 36

how can folate supplementation mask B12 deficiency

Answer 36

Question 37

blood test for B12 deficiency other than measurin B 12

Answer 37

homocysteinuria

Question 38

megaloblastic =

Answer 38

large, hypersegmented neutrophils

Question 39

explain how folatepenia can be masked by B12 supplementation

Answer 39

Question 40

generally speaking, black urine=

Answer 40

haemolytic anemia