DAY-18 Flashcards
** sneak
[동] 살금살금 가다(=slip), 몰래 …을 하다
> She sneaked up the stairs.
sneak a smoke
** host
[명] 숙주, 주인, 주최국
[동] (행사. 파티를) 주최하다[열다]
> force their host to attack other potential hosts
host a late-night concert of improvised jazz
*** pollen
[명] 꽃가루
> collect nectar and pollen
She is allergic to the pollen.
*** antidote
[명] 해독제, 해결책(=solution)
> a natural antidote
a fairly popular antidote to depression
※ anti(대항하여) + dote(주다)가 합쳐진 단어로, 몸에 들어온 독에 대항한다는 의미에서 ‘해독제’라는 뜻을 가지게 됨. 이와 철자가 유사한 anecdote(일화, 이야기)와 혼동하지 않도록 할 것.
** activate
[동] 활성화하다(=spark), 활성화되다, 작동시키다
> activate people’s needs for uniqueness
activate the ecosystem’s self-repair function
activation
[명] 활성화
- gene
[명] 유전자
> a gene that made old bodies develop cancer
a defective gene you inherited
genetic
[형] 유전의, 유전학의
** infection
[명] 감염, 전염병
> Antibiotics can be effective for treating bacterial infections.
transmission of an infection
infectious
[형] 전염되는, 전염성의
*** inflammation
[명] 염증
> chronic inflammation
Inflammation is the life-saving component of your immune system.
inflammatory
[형] 염증성의, 선동적인
※ 우리 몸에 염증이 생기면 열이 남. 실제로 inflammation은 flame(열)이란 단어에서 유래
** shrink
[동] 1. 줄이다, 줄다(=contract) / 2. 오그라들다 [반] expand, swell(팽창하다)
> The difference will shrink.
During droughts, the root shrinks.
- worsen
[동] 악화되다, 악화시키다(=deteriorate)
> worsen your skin condition
worsen conflicts with others
** generation
[명] 세대, 발생, 생성(=production)
> the next generation
Food spoils as a result of the spontaneous generation of life.
generate
[동] 발생시키다, 만들어 내다
- topsoil
[명] 표토 [반] subsoil(하층토)
> the accumulation of topsoil
Growing crops on steep mountain slopes leads to loss of topsoil.
- solid
[형] 단단한(=firm), 튼튼한, 고체의
[명] 고체
> stick together as a solid wall
solid waste disposal 고체 쓰레기 처리
solidity
[명] 견고함, 탄탄함, 확실함
** formation
[명] 생성, 형성, 대형(=arrangement)
> the formation of individual fibers
The causes of glacier re-formation would not include quakes.
form
[동] 형성하다
[명] 종류, 유형, 형태
*** erosion
[명] 1. 부식, 침식 / 2. 약화 [반] buildup(강화)
> Soil erosion is not new.
It dries soil out and causes chronic erosion.
erode
[동] 침식시키다, 약화시키다
cf. wind erosion: 풍식작용(바람에 의한 침식작용)
soil erosion: 토양침식(비, 바람에 의한 침식으로 토양이 떠내려가거나 없어지는 일)
** agriculture
[명] 농업
> agriculture and forestry
rural societies based on agriculture
agricultural
[형] 농업의, 농사의
** habitat
[명] 서식지
> their native desert habitat
habitat within the ecosystem
** exceed
[동] 초과하다(=go beyond), 넘다, 능가하다(=surpass)
> exceed an ecosystem’s ability to provide it
The Philadelphia Flyers exceeded all other teams.
excessive
[형] 지나친, 과도한
*** malnutrition
[명] 영양실조
> fight child malnutrition
malnutrition and dust-related diseases
※ mal(나쁜) + nutrition(영양)이 합쳐진 단어로, 나쁜 영양상태라는 의미에서 ‘영양실조’라는 뜻
cf. mal로 시작하는 또 다른 단어들
malfunction: 기능고장, 오작동
malice: 앙심, 악의
malevolent: 악의가 있는, 부정한
*** compromise
[동] 위태롭게 하다, 타협하다(=meet halfway)
[명] 타협, 절충안
> compromise personal and professional integrity
a compromise with his father
- sow
[동] 파종하다, (씨앗을) 뿌리다, 심다(=plant)
> cultivation, sowing, weed control, and harvest
the best time for sowing the seeds of success
※ sow / sew / saw
셋 다 발음은 비슷하지만 뜻은 다름
sew: 바느질하다
saw: 톱; 톱질하다
** sprout
[동] 발아하다, 꽃[싹]이 나다(=bud), 생기다
[명] 싹, 눈
> Clusters of red flowers sprout from the stem tips.
These coffeehouses sprouted all over London.
** seedling
[명] 모종, 묘목
> each seedling they grew
pine seedlings grown in pots of soil
*** sanction
[명] 제재(=ban, embargo), 허용, 승인(=authorization)
[동] 제재하다, 허가하다
> sanctions against the country
receive sanction to proceed with our plans
- vital
[형] 매우 중요한(=critical), 필수적인(=essential), 활력이 넘치는
> vital support in emergencies
vital to our children’s intellectual development
vitality
[명] 활력
** misbehavior
[명] 부정 행위, 나쁜 행실, 비행(=misconduct, misdeed)
> make the child’s present misbehavior a central part the story
prevent misbehavior by children
※ 접두어 mis는 ‘잘못된, 나쁜, 부족한’이라는 부정적 의미
cf. mis로 시작하는 또 다른 단어들
misadventure: 불운, 재난
mischance: 불운, 재앙
mischief: 나쁜 짓, 장난
misconception: 오해
misconstrue: 오해하다
** recovery
[명] 회복(=healing), 되찾음(=retrieval)
> the recovery of appetite
show a recovery following 2009’s decline
** pillar
[명] (핵심적인) 부분, 중심이 되는 것, 기둥(=column), 받침
[동] 기둥으로 떠받치다
> the person at the center of each pillar
if you stand behind a tree trunk or a round pillar on a windy day
- quake
[명] 지진(=earthquake)
[동] 몸을 떨다(=quiver), 흔들리다
> the 5.8-magnitude quake
The ground quaked as they walked on it.
** glacier
[명] 빙하
> the melting glacier
ice caps and glaciers
** wilderness
[명] 황무지, 손대지 않은 자연
> the Alaskan wilderness
the opposite of wilderness
wild
[형] 야생의, 자연 그대로의
** slosh
[동] 철벅철벅 튀다, 철벅거리다(=splash)
> slosh coffee into the mugs
I heard the water slosh around in my gut.
** fictionalize
[동] 허구화하다, 소설화하다
> a fictionalized account of his life
a fictionalized autobiography
- regard
[동] 여기다(=consider)
[명] 관련 사항, 주의, 고려(=account), 존경
> Philosophers regarded memory as a soft wax tablet.
a popular notion with regard to creativity
※ in [with] regard to: …에 관하여
have regard to: …을 고려하다
without [with no] regard to [for]: …을 고려하지 않고, …을 무시하고
*** abstraction
[명] 추상적 개념, 관념(=conception), 추출
> the abstraction of numbers
regard the natural world as mere abstraction
abstract
[형] 추상적인
[명] 추상화, 개요
[동] 추출하다
** larva
pl. larvae
[명] 유충, 애벌레
> waste products, eggs, larvae, and adult life-forms
eggs and larvae to secure future generations
** groom
[동] 훈련하다, 몸단장을 하다, 다듬다
[명] 마부, 신랑
> be groomed for more senior roles
baby rats which have received a lot of licking and grooming
*** doom
[동] …을 운명 짓다, …할 운명이다
[명] (나쁜) 운명, 죽음, 판결
> The astronauts were doomed to die.
They hastened their own doom.
