DAY-14

Question 1

*** patronage

Answer 1

[명] 후원(=sponsorship), 애용, 단골 손님

> patronage of the arts
have implications for restaurant patronage patterns

patron
[명] 후원자

Question 2

*** ramification

Answer 2

[명] 영향력, 파문, 파생된 문제

> the social and political ramifications of cancers
realize the ramifications of their suggestions

ramify
[동] 가지를 내다, 여러 갈래로 갈라지다

Question 3

• context

Answer 3

[명] 상황(=circumstance), 맥락

> include details and comments on context
weave something more into the context of the existing structure

contextual
[형] 맥락[전후 사정]과 관련된

Question 4

** demonstrate

Answer 4

[동] 입증하다(=prove), 사실임을 보여 주다(=confirm), (사용법을) 설명하다, 시위 운동을 하다

> demonstrate this point in another way
demonstrate the importance of an individual’s action

demonstration
[명] 입증, 실증, 설명

※ de(강조) + monstr(보여주다) + ate(접미사)가 합쳐진 단어로, 무언가를 ‘보여주다’라는 의미에서 사실임을 보이는 ‘입증하다’, (사용법을) ‘설명하다’와 같은 뜻을 가짐

Question 5

** emergency

Answer 5

[명] 비상 (사태), 응급

> assist them financially in an emergency
the emergency room

※ emergency / emergence
철자 하나 차이지만 완전히 다른 뜻이니 구별할 것. emergence는 ‘출현, 발생’이라는 뜻

Question 6

** precaution

Answer 6

[명] 예방 조치, 예방책

> some safety precautions
the most obvious precaution to prevent major damage

※ pre(미리) + caution(주의)이 합쳐진 단어로, 미리 주의를 주는 것이므로 ‘예방 조치’의 뜻

Question 7

** drift

Answer 7

[동] 방황하다, 표류하다
[명] 표류(물), 경향

> We drift, driven by the winds of circumstance.
see how smooth and deep the drift was

※ drift / draft
draft는 ‘초고, 선발, 징병’이라는 뜻

Question 8

** conventional

Answer 8

[형] 관례[관습]적인(=customary), 기존의

> follow conventional procedures
challenge the conventional ways of doing things

convention
[명] 관습, 관례

Question 9

** numeracy

Answer 9

[명] 수리 감각, 산술 능력

> develop literacy and numeracy skills
problem solving and numeracy tests

Question 10

*** fraction

Answer 10

[명] 분수, 부분(=fragment)

> last only a fraction of a second
a small fraction of the environment

※ fraction / friction
friction은 ‘마찰’이라는 뜻. 두 단어 모두 자주 쓰이니 잘 구별할 것

Question 11

• ratio

Answer 11

[명] 비율(=proportion)

> the same ratio of females to males
understand quantities approximately in terms of estimating ratios

Question 12

• practical

Answer 12

[형] 실제적인, 실용적인(=useful)

> practical measures for preventing contagious diseases
the practical uses of scientific knowledge

Question 13

** distrust

Answer 13

[명] 불신(=doubt), 의심(=suspicion)
[동] 불신하다(=doubt, suspect)

> a potential distrust of the displayed messages
Top-down business decisions are distrusted.

Question 14

*** suspicion
[saspi^n]
불 suspect 의심하다

Answer 14

[명] 의심(=distrust, disbelief), 소량(=bit, trace)

> trigger suspicion
There was a certain suspicion in his voice.

※ suspicion에는 ‘소량’이란 뜻이 있는데, 보통 a suspicion of로 사용하여 ‘소량의, 조금의’라는 뜻
ex. a suspicion of humor

Question 15

• innovation

Answer 15

[명] 1. 혁신 [반] imitation(모방) / 2. 획기적인 것

> a technological Innovation
reward small innovations

innovate
[동] 혁신하다, 획기적으로 하다

Question 16

• combine

Answer 16

[동] 결합하다(=unite), 겸비하다, 병행하다

> The best decisions are the ones that combine good data.
combine with other ideas or feelings

combination
[명] 결합, 조합

Question 17

• secure

Answer 17

[동] 확보하다, 보장하다(=guarantee)
[형] 안전한, 안정감있는(=stable)

> secure rights
a secure grip

security
[명] 보안, 보장

Question 18

** distinctive

Answer 18

[형] 독특한(=characteristic)

> the distinctive problem to be solved
the distinctive voice he created

distinctiveness
[명] 독특함

Question 19

• worthy

Answer 19

[형] 가치있는(=worthwhile), …을 받을 만한

> an act worthy of praise
pursue what they deem as a worthy outcome

worthiness
[명] 가치있음, 훌륭함

cf. be worthy of + v-ing: …할 가치가 있다
= be worth + v-ing
= be worthwhile + v-ing / to+v

Question 20

• auditory

Answer 20

[형] 청각의

> stimulate our optical and auditory senses
be encoded in an auditory form

Question 21

** alert

Answer 21

[형] 기민한, 경계하는(=wary)
[동] (위험 등을) 알리다, 경보를 발하다
[명] 경계(태세), 경보, 경고

> Group competitions make people more alert.
get a beeper that would alert him

Question 22

*** stimulation

Answer 22

[명] 자극, 격려(=encouragement)

> stimulation and arousal
suffer from boredom without outside stimulation

stimulate
[동] 자극하다, 격려하다

Question 23

• eager

Answer 23

[형] 열성적인(=enthusiastic), 열망하는(=anxious, longing)

> a quick and eager learner
eager to prove his expertise

eagerness
[명] 열의, 열심, 열망

Question 24

*** spur

Answer 24

[동] 자극하다, 박차를 가하다(=encourage, drive)
[명] 자극제, 원동력(=stimulus)

> spur sales
a powerful spur to investment

cf. spur-of-the-moment: 즉석의, 충동적인
on the spur of the moment: 순간적인 충동으로

Question 25

• fix

Answer 25

[동] 고정시키다, 고정되다, 수리하다, 해결하다
[명] 해결책(=solution)

> Their eyes tend to fix on the ball.
fix the problem

Question 26

*** arbitrary

Answer 26

[형] 자의적인, 제멋대로인, 임의의 [반] organized(조직화된)

> arbitrary and conventional
use certain arbitrary noises innovatively as symbols

Question 27

** frequency

Answer 27

[명] 진동(수), 빈도

> 10 cycles of the frequency
rewards that vary in their frequency or magnitude

frequent
[형] 잦은, 빈번한

Question 28

• trademark

Answer 28

[명] (등록) 상표(=brand)

> symbols functioning as trademark
The Roman Empire had an incredible variety of trademarks.

Question 29

** predecessor

Answer 29

[명] 이전 형태(=antecedent), 전임자

> The car is some 40mm longer than its predecessor.
an improvement over their predecessors’ tools

Question 30

• tradesman

Answer 30

[명] 장인(=master), 상인(=merchant)

> a skilled tradesman
They were tradesmen, rather than physicians.

※ trade는 ‘손으로 하는 일’이라는 의미가 있음. 여기서 tradesman이 유래하였고, 손으로 일을 하는 사람인 ‘장인’이라는 뜻

Question 31

• union

Answer 31

[명] 결합(=combination), 연합(=confederation), 조합, 노조

> the European Union (EU)
German unions successfully pushed for a shorter workweek.

unite
[동] 결합하다

Question 32

*** entity

Answer 32

[명] 실체, 독립체

> a single entity which is easily measured
Functions were shifted to another municipal entity.

cf. private entity: 민간단체, 민간기업
public entity: 공공단체

Question 33

*** bolster

Answer 33

[동] 강화하다(=strengthen, fortify)

> bolster curriculum
adopt policies to bolster national economy

Question 34

** bond

Answer 34

[명] 유대, 끈, 채권, 접착, 굴레
[동] 접착하다, 유대감을[이] 형성하다[되다]

> the bond between humans and companion animals
He seems to have bonded with you already.

Question 35

** authorship

Answer 35

[명] 원저자, 저작 (작업)

> the authorship of the novel
The committee accredited him with the authorship of this book.

author
[명] 작가, 저자

Question 36

** ascertain

Answer 36

[동] 알아내다, 확인하다

> We must ascertain that students do indeed know what dominoes are.
ascertain the truth

※ as(…쪽으로) + certain(확실한)이 합쳐진 단어로, 확실한 쪽으로 가는 것이므로 ‘알아내다, 확인하다’라는 뜻

Question 37

** restless

Answer 37

[형] 가만히 못 있는, 불안한(=unsettled)

> She was restless and impatient.
He saw the manager’s restless foot.

cf. a restless night: 잠 못 드는 밤

Question 38

*** kinesthetic

Answer 38

[형] 운동 감각의

> another characteristic of kinesthetic learners
our tactile and kinesthetic awareness
(* tactile: 촉각의)