cycle test 2 Flashcards
cultural deprivation, cultural factors and educational achievement , housing and achievement , factors outside of school and educational achievement
cultural deprivation
refers to the lack of cultural resources eg education , knowledge and cultural capital , which hinder an individual’s ability to succeed in humanity
what is the cultural capital used to explain
educational underachievement among working-class children
cultural deprivation : inferior norms and values
w/c families may transmit norms and values that do not align with those of the education system
- eg lack of emphasis on the importance of education and preference for immediate gratification over long term goals
cultural deprivation : language skills
wc children are more likely to use a restricted speech code , which is less complex and less suited to the demands of the education system compared to the elaborated speech code used by mc children
what did BAIL BERNSTEIN argue
ELABORATE + RESTRICTED CODE
- SPEECH CODES ARE WHAT LEAD TO DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
that working class children are more likely to use a restricted speech code which is less complex and less suited to the demands of the educational system , m/c use elaborated code = wider vocabulary , more complex , longer sentences and is analytical
cultural deprivation : PARENTAL ATTITUDES
wc parents may show less interest in their children’s education and less able to help with homework
- negatively impacts their academic performance
cultural deprivation : FATALISM
the belief that one cannot change their status in life which can lead to a lack of motivation to succeed academically
what did BARRY SUGARMAN argue
that wc culture tends to favor immediate gratification rather than working toward long-term rewards , lead to lower educational attainment
who introduced the concept of cultural capital
PIERRE BORDEAU
what is cultural capital
the non-financial social assets that promote social mobility beyond economic means
Cultural factors and educational achievement : PARENTAL ATTITUDES AND EXPECTATIONS
greatly impact educational outcomes , high expectations and a supportive hime = better academic performance
Cultural factors and educational achievement : LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION
affects students’ ability to understand and engage with the curriculum
- children from homes where the language spoken is different to the language of instruction might face additional challenges
Cultural factors and educational achievement : CULTURAL VALUES AND NORMS
diff cultures = varying levels of importance on education eg some cultures may emphasise collective success and respect for authority = aligns well with school expectations
Cultural factors and educational achievement : PEER GROUP INFLUENCE
positive = encourage academic achievement
negative = disengagement
Cultural factors and educational achievement : ETHNIC AND CULTURAL IDENTITY
strong sense of cultural identity = influence educational aspirations and achievements
- students who feel a strong connection to their cultural heritage may be more motivated to succeed academically
Cultural factors and educational achievement : TEACHER EXPECTATIONS AND STEREOTYPES
expectations filled by cultural stereotypes , affect how they interact w students
high expectations from teachers
boost student performance
low expectations
hinder student performance
how can OVERCROWDING affect achievement
-lack of space for children to study and do homework
-cause disturbances that make it difficult for children to adequate and get adequate rest
how do POOR LIVING CONDITIONS affect achievement
damp , cold and poor maintained housing = health problems eg respiratory issues = increased absenteeism from school
- hinders Childs ability to keep up with their studies
how does STABILITY and MOBILITY affect achievement
frequent moves due to unstable housing can disrupt a child’s education
- changing schools often = gaps in learning and difficulty in forming stable relashionships with peers and teachers
how does ECONOMIC STRAIN affect achievement
limit their ability to provide educational resources eg books , computers and private tutoring
- lack of resources = disadvantage compared to their peers
how does NEIGHBOURHOOD EFFECTS affect achievement
area with high crime rates and fewer educational facilities = environment not conductive for learning
external factors affecting achievement
- parental influence
- family economic status
- health and nutrition
- housing conditions
- neighbourhood environment
- access to extracurriculars
-social networks and peer influence
