coronary artery disease Flashcards
1
Q
whats happening with coronary artery disease
A
- arterial damage
- cholesterol/fats/lipids infiltrate
- atheroma
- block/narrow arterial wall
- palque rupture
- blood clot/cholesterol embolus
- blockage of coronary vessels (MI)
- blockage of cerebral vessels (CVA)
- permanent damage (atherosclerosis, arteriostenosis)
2
Q
whats an atheroma
A
- big buildup over the plaque in an artery
- if it breaks, build up escapes and clot forms, and can cause MI or stroke
3
Q
what are some causes of coronary artery disease?
A
- hyperlipidemia
- HTN
- smoking
- DM
- sedentary lifestyle; obesity
- genetic predisposition
- metabolic syndrome
- other shit
4
Q
name some different types of angina
A
- stable
- unstable
- intractable/refractory
- variant/prinzmetals
- silent ischemia
5
Q
describe stable angina
A
predictable, goes away with rest
6
Q
describe unstable angina
A
unpredictable, dont know when it will come or go
7
Q
describe intractable/refractory angina
A
wont go away
8
Q
describe MI presentation
A
- back/shoulder/jaw/ arm pain
- N/v, indigestion
- general malaise/SOB/dizzy
- diaphoresis
- CP
9
Q
hwo will a CAD patient present
A
- angina
- activity intolerance
- MI
10
Q
what are some labs and diagnostics for CAD
A
- CBC, BMP
- troponin (serial/high sensitivity)
- D-dimer
- EKG
- echo
- stress test
- coronary angiogram
11
Q
what does troponin indicate
A
heart damage
12
Q
what does D-dimer indicate
A
- r/o blood clot
- picks up breakdown of clots
if its positive, conform with CTA
13
Q
what is coronary angiogram
A
- 30-45minutes
- dye insertion, may feel warm and like you pissed yourself
- 3hr recovery time
14
Q
what meds may be used for CAD
A
- statins (atorvastatin)
- aspirin (baby)
- beta blockers (metoprolol)
- calcium channel blockers (diltiazem)
- nitroglycerin (nitro-stat/nitro bid)
- ACE-I (lisinopril)
15
Q
what do statins do
A
decrease lipids
