assessment of the endocrine system Flashcards
terminology
acromegaly
progressive enlargement of peripheral body parts resulting from excessive secretion of growth hormone
terminology
addisons disease
chronic adrenocortical insufficiency due to inadequate adrenal cortex function
terminology
addisonian crisis
acute adrenocortical insufficiency characterized by hypotension, cyanosis, fever, N/V, and signs of shock
terminology
adrenalectomy
surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
terminology
basal metabolic rate
chemical reactions occurring when the body is at rest
terminology
cushing’s syndrome
group of symtoms produced by an oversecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone
characterized by truncal obesity, “moon face”, acne, abdominal striae, and hypertension
terminology
diabetes insipidous
condition in which abnormally large volumes of dilute urine are excreted as a result of deificent production of vasopressin
terminology
exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
terminology
goiter
enlargement of the thyroid gland
terminology
graves disease
a form of hyperthyroidism
characterized by a diffuse goiter and exophthalmos
terminology
myxedema
severe hypothyroidism
can be with or without coma
terminology
negative feedback loop
regulating mechanism in which an increase or decrease in the level of a substance decreases or increases the function of an organ producing the substance
terminology
pheochromocytoma
adrenal medulla tumor
excessive amount of epi and norepi, constant fight or flight
terminology
SIADH
excessive secretion of ADH from the pituitary gland despite low serum osmolality level
terminology
thyroid storm
life threatening condition of the thyroid due to untreated hyperthyroidism
what do hormones do
they are chemical messengers
- exert effects on specific tissues: target tissues
- bind to receptor sites on or within target tissue cells
what does the endocrine system do
regulate and integrate body functions
- balance metabolism (thyroid)
- reproduction (testes and ovaries)
- water and electrolyte balance (post pituitary)
- nutrient absorption (thyroid)
name some glands of the endocrine system
- hypothalamus (receives info from the body and send it to pituitary)
- pituitary (has anterior and posterior, send message to specific glands)
- thyroid (metabolism, energy, HR, contractility, growth and development)
- parathyroid (calcium regulation)
- adrenal (has cortex: sugar, salt, and sex and medulla: epi and norepi)
- liver and pancreas (both endocrine and exocrine)
- kidney (renin, erythropoietin)
whats included in the function and regulation of hormones
- reulate organ function
- endocrine system integrated with nervous system
- affect only target cells with specific receptors
- negative feedback loop (secreted on as needed basis)
- trophic effects on target tissues (hypertrophy and atrophy)
just read this shit
amines and amino acid derivatives
- act immediately
- epinephrine, norepinephrine, and thyroif hormones
peptides, polypeptides, proteins, and glycoproteins
- act within seconds/minutes
- TRH, FSH, and GH
steroids
- act in several hours
- corticosteroids
fatty acid derivatives - retinoid (skin)
describe the assessment of endocrine system
- health history (energy probs?)
- physical assessment (hair, skin, fluid balance, GI issues, heart, BP)
what are some labs to evaluate the encodrine system
look for hormones in blood and urine
what are some additional diagnostic studies for the endocrine system
stimulation: stimulate the gland and see if it responds, if they respond it detects hypofunction
suppression: detects hyperfunction
