comparing the 6 kingdoms (04) Flashcards
All livign things are categorized into what? (3) Which are then cateogrized into what?
Prokaryotes, eukaryotes and virus
Prokaryotes –> Arhaea and Eubacteria
Eukaryotes —> protisia, fungi, plantae, animala
Virus
Why is virus seperate?
Do not have any organelles
● Cannot respire or perform metabolic functions.
● Without cells, viruses would not be able to multiply.
Not considered living things, therefore does not have its own kingdoms or subunits
What is the differenced betweem prokarytic and eukaryotic organismsm>
Prokaryotes
● Single celled organism
● Does not contain membrane bound organelles
○ i.e., bacteria
↳ still has DNA
↳ not captured within a shell/membrane (nuclues)
- has no nucleus, because nucleus are membrane bounded
Eukaryotes
* Unicellular and multicellular organisms
* Contain organelles they are membrane bond.
-has a nucleus, therefore DNA is held within a shell and is not freely moving
Eubacteria
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Prokaryotic
○ Cell walls contain a unique compound (peptidoglycan)
○ Cells are variable in shape and size.
Other characteristics:
○ Diverse means of obtaining energy and
nutrients—photosynthetic, chemotropic, or
heterotrophic
○ All can reproduce asexually, some sexually
● Examples (Organisms shown in the photos are bolded.)
Escherichia coli, Salmonella, nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Archaea
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Prokaryotic
○ Cell walls and cell membranes unique (specific
glycoproteins)
○ extremely small
Other characteristics:
○ live in extreme environments
○ Can reproduce asexually
○ Mainly autotrophic but can be heterotrophic
● Examples : extreme thermophiles (thrive at high temperatures),
methanogens (microorganisms that produce methane as a by
product)
protista
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Eukaryotic
○ Extreme diversity of cellular structure
(uni and multicellular)
○ Some have chloroplasts and cell walls
Other characteristics:
○ Heterotrophic or photosynthetic, or both
○ Variable forms of movement
○ Usually live in aquatic or other moist environments
○ Reproduce sexually and asexually
● Examples: Amoeba, kelps, green alga
fungi
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Eukaryotic
○ Cell wall is composed of chitin (a
carbohydrate)
○ Most are multicellular
○ No chloroplasts
Other characteristics:
○ All are heterotrophic
○ Most are terrestrial (on land)
○ Reproduce sexually and asexually
● Examples: mushrooms, yeasts,
moulds
plantae
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Eukaryotic
○ All are multicellular
○ Cell walls are composed of cellulose.
○ Possess chloroplasts
Other characteristics:
○ Autotrophic and photosynthetic
○ Most are terrestrial and some are
aquatic
○ Reproduce sexually and asexually
● Examples - mosses, ferns, conifers,
flowering plants
animalia
cell type
cell wall chloroplasts
unicellular or multi cellular
mode of nutrience
reproduction
Cell characteristics:
○ Eukaryotic
○ All are multicellular
○ Cells have no cell walls or
chloroplasts
Other characteristics:
○ All are heterotrophic
○ Most reproduce sexually
○ Live in terrestrial and aquatic
environments
● Examples - elephants, sponges, corals,
insects, snails, birds, humans
WHat is domain and what are the 3 types of domains?
the highest taxonomic level; there are three
domains (groups) of life (based on their
genetic makeup) (encompasses kingdoms)
Domain Eubacteria
● Domain Archaea
● Domain Eukaryotes - Protista, Animals, Plants, Fungi
○ physically very different, but similarities in genetic
makeup
