Circulatory system (11.1) Flashcards
Why do we need the circulatory system (3 main functions) (5 overall)
MAINS:
1) circulate necessary materials (such as o2, nutrients, etc)
2) Remove waste products like CO2
3) Carry materials like hormones, antibodies, etc
EXTRAS:
4) Regulates body temperature.
5) Clotting at a site of a wound
What are the 3 fundemental features for the circulatory system?
1) A fluid that transports/circulates materials (i.e blood)
2) Network of tube that the fluids can circulate in (Blood vessels)
3) A pump that pushes the fluid through the tubes (i.e the heart)
UNICELLULAR VS MULTI-CELLULAR
(Whats the difference) (“Types of circulatory systems”)
Unicellular: performs all necessary tasks using 1 cells
- Direct contact with environment, which allows for external environement to exchange substances —> Not necessary to transport gasses
Multi-cellular: organ systems to carry out necessary processes (due to body size)
- Not all body cells are close to external environment, all cells surrounded in fluid to provide a medium for gas.
What are the two types of circulatory systems?
Open system
Closed System
Open system? (Examples)
(WHat is it)
(What is the main functions (3)
Ex: snails, insects
The circulating fluid (hemolymph) is pumped into an interconnected system (multiple systems linking together) of body cavities, or sinuses (body cavities that form a network of spaces within the body that are connected to each other).
–> Body cavities allow hemolymph to move freely throughout the body
The main functions –
to transport nutrients and other chemicals to the cells
to transport waste products out of the cells.
not all used for transporting oxygen
What is hemolymph
(a mixture of blood and tissue fluid) .
How does hemolyphm circulate?
Heart contracts pushing hemolymph out of tubes, once it pushes out it moves to open spaces (thats why simple organisms bath in hemolymph)
–> Allows for gas exchange
No blood vessels = body aids for circulation.
Closed system
(Example?)
(How does it work)
(WHy is it in a closed system?
Ex: vertebrates - earthworm, octopus
blood is contained within blood vessels
(separate from tissue fluid - surrounds cells to provide medium for diffusion)
–> Blood and tissue fluid is seperated by vessels
Blood circulates in only one direction.
Why is it in a closed system?
Efficiency of a circulatory system is measured by the rate at which it can transport substances (O2 and CO2)
How did organisms evolve from simple to complex:
–> As animals evolve in size and complexity, the heart evolves from 2 chambers to 4 chambers.
Whats the difference between a closed system and a open system? (3)
-open = open cavity
- closed = vessels
-open = tissue fluid and blood mix
-closed = tissue fluid and blood are seperate
-open = blood is moving freely
-closed = blood flows in 1 direction
However: each system serves the same function and the same importance!
2 circuit system meaning? (why?)
4 Chambers of the heart create a double pump where the 2 circuits intersect
- 2 chambers for deoxygenated blood
- 2 chambers for oxygenated blood
(Each side is a pump)
–> 2 seperate systems for when blood is circulating to the lungs and when blood is circulating to the rest of the body.
Pulmonary circuit main function
circulates blood to the lungs
for gas exchange with environment
—> carries deoxygenated blood
Systemic circuit mainfunction:
circulates blood around the body
deliver O2, nutrients,
remove CO2(BY PICKING IT UP, AND BRINGING IT TO THE PULMONARY CIRCUIT)
Pathway of the pulmonary circuit?
Right side of the heart
(deoxygenated blood)
→
Lungs (picks up O2)
→
Left side of the heart
(to deliver oxygenated blood)
Pathway of the systemic circuit
left side of the heart
(oxygenated blood)
→
Body (picks up C02, produced by body cells from cellular respiration)
→
Right side of the heart
(carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs to become oxygenated)
