Comp Med No. 5 2010

Question 1

Which of the following does not have a significant impact on the gut microbiota in mice?

a. Strain
b. Sex
c. Genotype
d. Environmental influence
e. Microbial exposure

Answer 1

d. Environmental influence

Question 2

Which of the following is most likely to show the greatest difference in GM?

a. Mice of the same strain housed in the same room in the same IVC.
b. Mice of the same strain housed in the same room in different IVCs.
c. Mice of same strain housed in different rooms.
d. Mice of the same strain from different vendors housed in the same IVC.

Answer 2

c. Mice of same strain housed in different rooms.

Question 3

Which of the following animals DOES NOT lack myelin?

a. Long Evans Shaker (LES)
b. Brattleboro rat
c. md rat
d. shiverer (shi) mouse
e. All of the above lack myelin

Answer 3

b. Brattleboro rat (model for diabetes insipidus, lacks vasopressin)

Question 4

Which chromosome in md rats contains the substitution leading to dysmyelination?

a. 11
b. X
c. 13
d. Y

Answer 4

b. X (11- nude mouse, 13- beige mouse)

Question 5

Which of the following were useful endpoints for euthanasia of md rats?

a. Seizures and hind limb paralysis
b. Seizures and urinary bladder distension
c. Hind limb paralysis and urinary bladder distension
d. Whole body tremors and urinary bladder distension

Answer 5

c. Hind limb paralysis and urinary bladder distension (once seizure activity begins, authors recommend frequent monitoring for hind limb paralysis and urinary bladder distension)

Question 6

What is the lowest level of light you can use during the dark cycle without disrupting circadian rhythm?

Answer 6

0.06 µW/cm²

Question 7

Which of the following parameters measured in rats is not affected by the light cycle or intensity?
Melatonin
Fatty acids
Glucose
Lactic acid
Corticosterone

Answer 7

Fatty acids

Question 8

Why is maintaining darkness during the dark cycle important?

Answer 8

Disrupts circadian rhythm and can influence the outcome of scientific investigations.

Question 9

What could be done to assess developmental proliferation of cardiomyocytes and rule out hyperplasia as the cause of the left ventricular enlargement?

Answer 9

Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) immunolabeling

Question 10

In addition to rats, what other species is commonly found with undiagnosed cardiomyopathy during an anesthetic event?

Answer 10

Cats

Question 11

What parameters can be checked to determine the risk of cardiomyopathy in rats?

Answer 11

Kidney hypertension associated with chronic, progressive nephropathy and chronic anemia from deficient dietary intake of copper and iron

Question 12

True/False: Both adult and juvenile ferrets exhibit weight loss in a CA/04 infection model.

Answer 12

False – adults weight loss; juveniles decrease in weight gain

Question 13

What is the BMBL (5th edition) recommended ABSL level for working with animals infected with contemporary, circulating human influenza strains?

a. ABSL-1
b. ABSL-2
c. ABSL-3
d. ABSL-4

Answer 13

b. ABSL-2

Question 14

Which etiologic agent is associated with epizootic catarrhal enteritis in ferrets?

a. Coronavirus
b. Rotavirus
c. Salmonella sp.
d. Eimeria sp.
e. E. coli

Answer 14

a. Coronavirus

Question 15

Which of the following describes the extent to which a biological structure in an animal model resembles the corresponding structure in the target species?
A. 	Fidelity
B.	Definition
C. 	Comparability
D. 	Plasticity

Answer 15

A. Fidelity

Question 16

Which of the following drugs can be used to reverse medetomidine?
A.	Naloxone
B. 	Flumazenil
C.	Atipamezole
D.	Yohimbine

Answer 16

C. Atipamezole

Question 17

According to the Animal Welfare Act, what is the minimum space requirement for a 8kg, 24 inch long beagle?
A. 	>24.0 sq ft.
B. 	8.0 sq ft
C. 	12.0 sq ft
D. 	6.25 sq ft

Answer 17

D. 6.25 sq ft

Question 18

T/F Most of the differences of the lumbar spine seen between humans and the deer and sheep are due to the animals being quadrupeds and humans being bipeds.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Cancellous bone bears about __ of the load placed on the vertebrae

a. 65%
b. 50%
c. 90%
d. 80%
e. None of these

Answer 19

c. 90%

Question 20

How many lumbar vertebrae does the human have?

a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
e. 8

Answer 20

b. 5

Question 21

Anti-mullerian hormone is primarily secreted by:
A. Ovarian stroma
B. Primordial ovarian follicles
C. Mullerian ducts
D. Thecal cells of the pre-ovulatory follicles

Answer 21

B. Primordial ovarian follicles

Question 22

T/F. 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide destroys primordial and primary follicles in cynomolgus macaques.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F - The hormonal profile of cynomolgus monkeys naturally undergoing menopause is sufficiently different from humans to be inappropriate as a model for ROR in women.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Rank the strains of H1N1 according to severity of radiographic lesions (from mild to severe):

a. MEX4487, MEX4108, CA04, KAW
b. MEX4108, KAW, CA04, MEX4487
c. KAW, CA04, MEX4487, MEX4108
d. KAW, MEX4108, MEX4487, CA04

Answer 24

d. KAW, MEX4108, MEX4487, CA04

Question 25

What factors can lead to degenerative spinal changes in humans?

Answer 25

Aging, genetic, iatrogenic, inflammatory, and congenital factors.

Question 26

What social hierarchy pattern do Rhesus macaques demonstrate?

Answer 26

Male dominated, but multimale/multifemale and hierarchy is based on females’ dominance status.

Question 27

What was the most common spinal pathology seen in this group of animals? Did it have a sex prevalence?

Answer 27

Scoliosis. Yes - males (5), females (2)