Comp Med No. 3 2012 Flashcards
Which of the following are proposed etiologies of UD in BL6 mice?
a. Vitamin A deficiency
b. Seasonal variation
c. Obsessive compulsive behaviors
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c
e. a, b, and c
Which best describes the mechanism of action of maropitant citrate?
a. Beta adrenergic antagonist
b. NMDA receptor antagonist
c. Tachykinin neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist
d. Gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonist
c. Tachykinin neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist
Which of the following inflammatory cell types are found in UD lesions?
a. Neutrophils
b. Eosinophils
c. Mast cells
d. a and b
e. a and c
e. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells have been localized in UD lesions
T/F: Development of UD later in life can be predicted based on increased scratching behavior at a young age in mice.
True
Where are MUD lesions most commonly located?
Ulcerations present predominantly on the dorsal scapulae, although torso, shoulder, and facial lesions are also common.
What disease are AKR/J mice often affected by?
a. Epicardial mineralization
b. Leukemia/lymphoma
c. Atrial thrombosis
d. Glomerulonephritis
b. Lymphoma/leukemia affect 60-90% which cause them to die early at about 254 days.
T or F: Mice are naturally infected with LCMV only by horizontal transmission of the virus.
False: Endemic LCMV infection is maintained by vertical transmission
LCMV is of the genus:
a. Arenavirus
b. Cardiovirus
c. Arterivirus
d. Lentivirus
a. Arenavirus
T or F: LCMV is a cytolytic virus.
False
Clinical signs of LCMV infection are due to:
a. Direct damage to tissue and organs by the virus
b. Immune mediated response to organ cells infected with the virus
b. Immune mediated response to organ cells infected with the virus
Injection of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) can be used in rats & mice to induce what condition?
VCD is an ovotoxic agent & induces ovarian follicular atresia when modeling menopause in rodents
What surgical procedure has been performed in rodents and NHP to model menopause?
Ovariectomy
A herd of young miniature swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) are suffering from an outbreak of severe acute respiratory signs with high mortality rate. On necropsy of one of the affected pigs, lungs are darkened and consolidated that is fibrinohemorrhagic and necrotic. The dorsocaudal parts of lung lobes bilaterally are more affected. What is the most likely etiologic agent?
a. Axtinobacillus suis
b. Actinobobacillus pleuropneumonia
c. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
d. Mycoplasma hyorhinis
e. Haemophilus parasuis
b. Actinobobacillus pleuropneumonia
FDG-PET-CT can be used to diagnose which of the following in miniature pigs?
a. Pulmonary tumors only
b. Pulmonary inflammation only
c. Both pulmonary tumors and inflammation
d. FDG-PET-CT has never been performed in miniature pigs
c. Both pulmonary tumors and inflammation
Immunohistochemistry detecting nitric oxide synthase (NSO2) tests for the presence of what?
a. Tumor cells
b. Nuclear membranes
c. Inflammatory cells
d. Connective tissue
e. Lipase
c. Inflammatory cells
F18 is commonly used in what imaging modality?
PET
Which anesthetic drug should not be used when imaging with FDG because it can cause hyperglycemia?
Xylazine
What 3 mechanisms have been implicated in the development and maintenance of SIB in both humans and NHPs?
Serotonergic, dopaminergic, opioidergic
How does naltrexone hydrochloride work?
The proposed mechanism of action is the competitive blockade of opioid receptors which limits the euphoria or analgesia that results from an SIB episode.
What kind of drug is naltrexone?
Nonselective opiod antagonist
All the following statements are true about copy number variations (CNVs), EXCEPT:
a. It is a form of structural variation of the DNA of a genome
b. It is as a result of single a nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
c. CNVs correspond to regions of the genome that have been deleted
d. CNVs correspond to regions of the genome that have been duplicated
e. CNV may be involved in disease susceptibility
f. CNVs may either be inherited or caused by de novo mutation.
b. It is as a result of single a nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
All the following methods can be used to determine CNV copy numbers, EXCEPT:
a. Real-time quantitative PCR
b. Florescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
c. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) or Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA)
d. Western blot
e. Next-generation of DNA microarray-based technologies
d. Western blot
A higher copy number of CCL3L1 has been associated with lower susceptibility to what infection?
a. SIV
b. SRV
c. Shigella
d. Campylobacter
e. Herpes B
a. SIV
T or F: F. tularensis is highly virulent, and disease can be induced with as few as 10 organisms. There are two major subspecies (biovars): F. tularensis biovar tularensis (type A) and F. tularensis biovar palaearctica (type B; formerly holarctica). The incubation period is usually 3 to 5 d but can range from 1 to 14 d.
True
T or F: Tularemia in humans is presented in 7 clinicopathological forms as follow: ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, oropharyngeal, pneumonic, typhoideal, and septicemic.
True
T or F: F. tularensis is not a reportable disease.
False
What of the following animals act as natural reservoirs of infection?
a. Voles
b. Squirrels
c. Mice
d. Rabbits
e. All above
e. All above
Tularemia may be under-recognized in captive NHP but should be considered as a differential diagnosis during febrile illnesses including:
a. Pneumonia, hepatitis
b. Colitis, pancreatitis
c. Thyroiditis, stomatitis
d. Nephritis
a. Pneumonia, hepatitis
T or F: Veterinarians and other animals care personnel are at high risk of zoonotic tularemia, given the easy infection through skin contact with infected material or via aerosol
True
- What are the most common mechanisms of thrombocytopenia?
Reduced production, increased consumption, thrombocyte sequestration
- Why is corticosteroid therapy a common component for treating thrombocytopenia?
In the absence of a known cause immunosuppression via corticosteroids is often used to treat a potential immune mediated event.
Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia purpura (AATP) is a rare human condition with uncertain etiology that may be associated with what condition?
Pregnancy
