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Comp Med > Comp Med No. 1 2012 > Flashcards

Comp Med No. 1 2012 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two most important cell types for bone homeostasis? What are their roles?

A

Osteoblast - bone formation

Osteoclast - bone resporption

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2
Q

Name the two estrogen receptors that have been cloned.

A

ER alpha and ER beta

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3
Q

What condition does the removal of estrogenic signaling by ovariectomy cause in both humans and rodents?

A

Obesity

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4
Q

Estrogen depletion results in what bone pathology?

A

Osteoporosis

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5
Q

Which of the following strains is a well-characterized model for RSV infection?

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a. <!--[endif]-->C57BL/6

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b. <!--[endif]-->BALB/c

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c. <!--[endif]-->C3H

A

b. BALB/c

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6
Q

True/False. Toll-like receptors are mediators in the innate immune response and systemic inflammation.

A

True

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7
Q

True/False. Weight loss and a decreased inflammatory status were found as a result of voluntary exercise in male obese CD1 mice.

A

True

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8
Q

What analytical method is commonly used to distiguish lymphocytes expressing specific cell surface antigens?

A

Flow cytometry

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9
Q

What are two types of sweat glands?

A

Apocrine and eccrine sweat glands

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10
Q

What is an important role of apocrine sweat glands in hoofed animals?

A

They are the primary sweat glands for cooling in hoofed animals

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11
Q

Where are eccrine sweat glands located in rodents?

A

Eccrine sweat glands are located exclusively on the digits and footpads of the paws in rodents.

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12
Q

Transgenic mice with MMTV-TGFα are used to study what type of cancer?

A

Breast cancer

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13
Q

Serum sickness is a Type ___ hypersensitivity reaction.

a. I
b. II
c. III
d. IV
e. None of the above

A

c. III

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14
Q

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the severity of serum sickness in humans and animals?

a. Antigen size
b. Antigen valency
c. Antigen:antibody concentration ratio
d. Ability of immune complexes to fix complement factors
e. All of the above are factors that can affect the severity of serum sickness

A

e. All of the above are factors that can affect the severity of serum sickness

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15
Q

What is an established model of serum sickness in mice?

a. Repeated injection of bovine serum albumin or chicken egg albumin
b. One-time injection of bovine serum albumin or chicken egg albumin
c. Repeated transfusions with blood from a littermate mouse
d. Injections with serum from another mouse after pre-medication with dexamethasone

A

a. Repeated injection of bovine serum albumin or chicken egg albumin

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16
Q

Which of the following are examples of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Atopy
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  5. Rheumatoid arthritis
  6. Chronic transplant rejection
  7. Serum sickness
A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are commonly referred to as allergies & are mediated by IgE & IgG4

Atopy

Anaphylaxis

17
Q

What are the mediators of type I hypersensitivity reactions?

A

IgE & IgG4

18
Q

Which of the following are examples of a type II hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Atopy
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  5. Rheumatoid arthritis
  6. Chronic transplant rejection
  7. Serum sickness
A

Type II hypersensitivity reactions are commonly referred to as cytotoxic/antibody-dependent reactions & are mediated by IgG & IgM & complement

Thrombocytopenia

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

19
Q

Which of the following are examples of a type III hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Atopy
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  5. Rheumatoid arthritis
  6. Chronic transplant rejection
  7. Serum sickness
A

Type III hypersensitivity reactions are commonly referred to as immune complex disease and are mediated by IgG & complement.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Serum sickness

20
Q

Which of the following are examples of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Atopy
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  5. Rheumatoid arthritis
  6. Chronic transplant rejection
  7. Serum sickness
  8. Contact dermatitis
A

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are commonly referred to as Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), cell-mediated immune memory response and are mediated by T cells.

Chronic transplant rejection

Contact dermatitis

21
Q

Which of the following are examples of a type V hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Atopy
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Anaphylaxis
  4. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  5. Rheumatoid arthritis
  6. Chronic transplant rejection
  7. Serum sickness
  8. Contact dermatitis
  9. Myasthenia Gravis
A

Type V hypersensitivity reactions are commonly referred to as autoimmune disease and are mediated by IgG, IgM, & complement.

Myasthenia gravis

22
Q

True/False: All models of excisional wound healing are based on the same principles: 1-diabetic murine model; 2-hair removal; 3-full-thickness dorsum skin excision; 4-semi-occlusive dressing application; 5-macroscopic and microscopic measurements of wound closure.

A

True

23
Q

According to a recent study, depilation by using what technique gave the worst hair density and skin damage results throughout the 15 days of experiment.

a. Straight razor
b. Depilatory cream
c. Cold wax

A

a. Straight razor

24
Q

T or F. The most common pathologic lesion produced by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) toxicosis in birds is severe, extensive, necrotizing and hemorrhagic pneumonitis and edema.

A

True

25
Q

T or F. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) toxicosis in humans is not seen as frequently as in birds because of anatomic differences.

A

True

26
Q

What the hell is Gallus domesticus?

A

Chicken

27
Q

PCNA is a nuclear marker commonly used to identify what kind of cells?

A

Proliferating

28
Q

TUNEL assays are commonly used to identify what kind of cells?

A

Apoptotic cells

29
Q

True/False: SRV is one of several persistent viruses targeted for elimination in SPF (special pathogen free) colony development in NHP.

A

True

30
Q

True/False: Clinical and pathological manifestation of SRV infection range from subclinical (carrier state) to lymph proliferative disease

A

True

31
Q

Anemia and leukopenias associated with reduced progenitor cell proliferation is accompanied with what following condition(s);

a. Simian parvovirus of macaques
b. Human parvovirus B19 infection
c. Simian and Human immunodeficiency syndrome
d. Feline retroviral infection
e. All above

A

e. All above

32
Q

Name the stages of embryo development from oocyte to blastocyst.

A

Ooctye à one cell embryo à 2-cell embryo à 4 cell embryo à 8 cell embryo à morula à blastocyst

33
Q

List several assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs).

A

Superovulation, in vitro fertilization, sperm collection, ovarian transplant, ICSI, embryo transfer

34
Q

What is an alternative term for ‘vitrification’?

A

“fast freezing” or “flash freezing”

Comp Med (17 decks)

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