Communicable diseases

Question 1

Communicable diseases

Answer 1

Caused by pathogens
Can be spread from one person to another

Question 2

How are pathogens spread?

Answer 2

Skin contact
Bodily fluids
Airborne particles
Contact with feces
Touching a surface touched by an infected person
Vector

Question 3

Virus

Answer 3

Not living as it doesn’t complete MRS GREN, we say strains not species
They enter a cell and use the cells DNA to replicate itself, causing the host cell to burst then spread the virus further throughout the body

Question 4

Examples of a virus?

Answer 4

HIV
COVID-19
Influenza
Small pox
Measles

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

Not all bacteria are pathogens
Some enter the body and release toxins into the bloodstream
Can be stopped by antibiotics
Prokaryotes

Question 6

Examples of a bacterial disease?

Answer 6

Salmonella
Gonorrhoea
Cholera
Syphilis

Question 7

Protist

Answer 7

Develops in animals and plants (the vector) then passed onto other organisms
Usually eukaryotes

Question 8

Fungus

Answer 8

Not all fungi cause disease, however some infect the body when the spores spread onto skin or surfaces from touching or the wind carrying them
Examples include athletes foot and rose black spot (plants)

Question 9

How to stop the spread of pathogens?

Answer 9

Hygienic food preparations, cleaning surfaces
Herd immunity
Contraception
Washing hands/ sterilising
Cooking food through to kill bacteria
Using disinfectants
Wearing masks and social distancing

Question 10

Antiseptic

Answer 10

Applied to the human body to kill off micro organisms
Targets the cell walls of the pathogens to make them burst
Uses include:
hand washing,
treating skin infections,
treating mouth and throat infections

Question 11

Disinfectants

Answer 11

Used on surfaces instead of the human body to kill microorganisms
Uses include:
Wiping down surfaces for cooking
Disinfecting medical equipment