Climb, Descent, Turns, S/L etc.

Question 1

Explain speed stable in the EC-135

Answer 1

Speed stable attitudes sit between 60-100KIAS

Question 2

What FLI is used for 65, 80, 100 and 120kts cruise speeds

Answer 2

65: 5.5 FLI
80: 6ish
100: 6.5 FLI
120: 8FLI

Question 3

What are the FLI and speeds for standard climb vs cruise climb?

Answer 3

Standard: 65Kts, 7FLI (slow down for 65KIAS and enter the climb)
Cruise: Conducted at cruise airspeed (120KIAS@8FLI) with increase in collective as req (+/- 1FLI = 500f/min)

Question 4

You are cruising at 120KIAS, QFI has asked you to climb from 1000ft to 2000ft maintaining 120KIAS, what are your actions?
What is your max RoC achievable?

Answer 4

Area boundaries
Lookout

Attitude: Maintain
Power: Raise for desired descent rate
Balance: More PWR = L rudder
Adjust: As req

120KIAS FLI = 8, Max RoC = 1,000fpm @ 9FLI

Question 5

You are cruising at 120KIAS, QFI has asked you to descend from 2000ft to 1000ft maintaining 120KIAS, what are your actions?

Answer 5

Area boundaries
Lookout

Attitude: Maintain
Power: Lower for desired descent rate
Balance: Less PWR = R rudder
Adjust: As req

Question 6

The QFI has asked you to show a 45ºAoB (steep) turn to the R, what are your actions?

Answer 6

1. Area boundaries?
2. Lookout
3. Entry
   Attitude: Roll about a point on the horizon
   Power: Increase to maintain level
   Balance: As req
   Adjust: As req
4. Exit
   A - At half AoB roll around a point on the horizon
   P - Reset to desired IAS PWR
   B - As req
   A - As req

Question 7

What is the work cycle when climbing, turning, accelerating and decelerating?

Answer 7

Attitude - Cyclic
Power - Collective
Balance - Pedals
Adjust - Adjust as req

Question 8

What are the primary and secondary effects of cyclic in forward flight?

Answer 8

Primary: Attitude
Secondary: IAS, Roll

Question 9

What are the primary and secondary effects of collective in forward flight?

Answer 9

Primary: Power
Secondary: Altitude and Yaw

Question 10

What are the primary and secondary effects of yaw pedals in flight?

Answer 10

Primary: Yaw
Secondary: Balance and TQ

Question 11

When should the level off begin to reach the desired alt if climbing/descending?

Answer 11

10% RoC

E.g. 750ft/min = 75ft before

Question 12

During accel/decel when should the S/L attitude be set to capture the correct speed?

Answer 12

5 kts before the target IAS

Question 13

To target a RoD in S+L flight, how much should the FLI be moved?

Answer 13

+/-1FLI = +/-500ft/min (1.5 = 750f/min, 2 = 1000f/min)

Question 14

You lookout and notice that you are low and fast OR high and slow, what kind of error is that?

Answer 14

It will most likely be an attitude error that should be corrected with cyclic

Question 15

The QFI has just asked you to demo an acceleration, what are your actions?

Answer 15

1. Area boundaries
2. Lookout

A - Accelerative attitude (5º ND)
P - Raise collective (simultaneously)
B - More power = left pedal
A - Attitude, lookout, perf W/C

A - Set attitude for desired IAS 5KTS before
P - Set PWR for desired IAS
B - Right pedal likely
A - S+L W/C

Question 16

The QFI has just asked you to demo an deceleration, what are your actions?

Answer 16

1. Area boundaries
2. Lookout

A - Accelerative attitude (5º NU)
P - Lower collective (simultaneously)
B - Less power = right pedal
A - Attitude, lookout, perf W/C

A - Set attitude for desired IAS 5KTS before
P - Set PWR for desired IAS
B - Left pedal likely
A - S+L W/C

Question 17

The QFI has asked you to demo a standard climb from 1000ft to 4000ft, you are currently flying at 120KIAS @ 8FLI, what are your actions?

Answer 17

1. Area boundary?
2. Lookout
3. Climb entry:
   A - Raise to the deceleration attitude (5ºNU)
   P - Set 7FLI
   B - Less PWR = right rudder
   A - @ 70kts set the climb attitude (2.5ºNU) to capture 65kts
4. Level off
   A - Set acceleration attitude 10% RoC before desired alt
   P - Maintain 7FLI
   B - As req
   A - @ 115kts set cruise speed attitude and 8 FLI

Question 18

If a standard climb is 65KIAS and 7FLI, what RoC would you expect to see?

Answer 18

7FLI @ 65KIAS = 750ft/min RoC

S+L @ 65kts = 5.5FLI

Question 19

The QFI has asked you to demo a standard descent from 3000ft to 1000ft, you are currently flying at 120KIAS @ 8FLI, what are your actions?

Answer 19

1. Area boundary
2. Lookout
3. Descent Entry
   P - Set descent PWR (to target a RoD)
   B - As req
   A - Set 100kts attitude
   A - As req for RoD
4. Level off
   P - Set cruise PWR 10% RoC for desired IAS
   B - As req
   A - maintain 100kts attitude
   A - as req

Question 20

What is the work cycle when descending?

Answer 20

P - Power
B - Balance
A - Attitude (for 100kts)
A - Adjust

Question 21

How is anticipation for roll out of a turn calculated?

Answer 21

Roll out at half AoB

E.g. 30ºAoB turn onto 180ºM, roll out when half of your AoB (15) and degrees remaining in the turn are the same. Roll out at 165ºM or 195ºM which ever is req

Question 22

You are at 8FLI, 120KIAS, 1000ft and heading N, the QFI has asked you to demonstrate a standard climbing turn to 4000ft onto 090ºM, explain your actions.

Answer 22

1. Area Boundary
2. Lookout
3. Climb & turn entry
   A - Set deceleration attitude (5ºNU)
   P - Set 7FLI
   B - Less PWR = right pedals
   A - Roll into the turn (30º AoB)
   A - @ 70kts set the climb attitude (2.5ºNU) to capture 65kts

4. If level off THEN roll out
A - Set acceleration attitude 10% RoC before desired alt
P - Maintain 7FLI
B - As req
A - @ 115kts set cruise speed attitude and 8 FLI
A - Rollout about the horizon @ half AoB

4. If roll out THEN level off
A - Rollout about the horizon @ half AoB
A - Set acceleration attitude 10% RoC before desired alt
P - Maintain 7FLI
B - As req
A - @ 115kts set cruise speed attitude and 8 FLI