Circulatory System (Veins)

Question 1

What are the 3 major cardiac veins?

Answer 1

greater cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein

Question 2

What do the the 3 major cardiac veins drain into?

Answer 2

drain into coronary sinus located in coronary sulcus on inferior surface of heart

coronary sinus drains into right atrium

Question 3

Where is the greater cardiac vein?

Answer 3

located in anterior interventricular sulcus

Question 4

Where is the middle cardiac vein?

Answer 4

runs in posterior ventricular sulcus

Question 5

Where is the small cardiac vein?

Answer 5

follows right side of coronary sulcus

Question 6

Where are superficial veins?

Answer 6

contained within superficial fascia, and eventually drain into deep veins

Question 7

Where are deep veins?

Answer 7

usually follow the course of synonymous arteries

Question 8

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

Where are the superficial veins of the brain collected?

Answer 8

collected by dural sinuses

Question 9

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are dural sinuses?

Answer 9

venous channels between two layers of cranial dura mater

Question 10

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are dural sinuses named based on?

Answer 10

shape, location, direction

Question 11

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the 6 dural sinuses?

Answer 11

• cavernous sinuses
• superior sagittal sinus
• inferior sagittal sinus
• straight sinus
• transverse sinuses
• sigmoid sinuses

Question 12

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the cavernous sinuses? Where are they?

What do they collect?

Answer 12

pair of sinuses located in middle cranial fossa on either side of hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid bone

collect venous blood of orbital cavity contents

Question 13

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the superior sagittal sinus? Where is it?

Answer 13

unpaired sinus contained within superior margin of falx cerebri

Question 14

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the inferior sagittal sinus? Where is it?

Answer 14

unpaired sinus contained within inferior margin of falx cerebri

Question 15

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What is the straight sinus?

What does it join?

Answer 15

unpaired short sinus that receives posterior end of inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein

joins posterior end of superior sagittal sinus

Question 16

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are transverse sinuses?
Where are they?
What do they receive?

Answer 16

paired sinuses housed in posterior margin of tentorium cerebelli

receive superior sagittal and straight sinuses

Question 17

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are sigmoid sinuses?
Where are they?
What do they receive?

Answer 17

paired sinuses located in groove on interior surface of mastoid process of temporal bones

receive all other dural sinuses (directly or indirectly) and empty into internal jugular veins

Question 18

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the 3 main veins?

Answer 18

• deep veins
• internal jugular vein
• anterior and external jugular veins (superficial veins)

Question 19

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are deep veins received by?

Answer 19

great cerebral vein, that in turn drains into straight sinus

Question 20

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

Where does the internal jugular vein start and travel?

What does it join?

Answer 20

starts at level of jugular foramen as continuation of sigmoid sinus, and travels with internal and then common carotid arteries

joins subclavian vein behind sternoclavicular joint to form brachiocephalic vein

Question 21

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What are the anterior and external jugular veins?

Answer 21

superficial veins

Question 22

Venous Drainage of Head and Neck

What do anterior and external jugular veins receive?

Where do they drain?

Answer 22

receive venous blood of posterior part of scalp, superior part of neck

eventually drain into subclavian vein

Question 23

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb

What is venous blood of the upper limb collected by

Answer 23

deep and superficial veins

Question 24

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep

What are deep veins synonymous with?

Answer 24

arteries

Question 25

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep Where do deep veins empty

Answer 25

axillary vein

Question 26

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep What does the axillary vein continue as, and where?

Answer 26

axillary vein continues as subclavian vein after lateral border of rib I

Question 27

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep What forms the brachiocephalic vein?

Answer 27

subclavian vein joins internal jugular vein

Question 28

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep What are tributaries of axillary and subclavian veins?

Answer 28

same as branches of synonymous arteries

Question 29

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep What does the axillary vein receive?

Answer 29

cephalic vein

Question 30

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Deep What does the subclavian vein receive?

Answer 30

external jugular vein

Question 31

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial What are the 2 superficial veins?

Answer 31

cephalic vein | subclavian vein

Question 32

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial Where are cephalic veins?

Answer 32

travel on lateral side of forearm ascends on lateral arm, passes through muscular groove between deltoid and pectoralis major muscles, deltopectoral groove, and drains into axillary vein

Question 33

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial Where are basilic veins?

Answer 33

travel on medial side of forearm penetrates deep fascia at distal arm, ascends on medial side of arm, and continues as axillary vein after crossing inferior border of teres major muscle

Question 34

Venous Drainage of Upper Limb - Superficial What do superficial veins arise from? How are they connected to each other?

Answer 34

dorsal venous plexus on dorsum of hand usually connected with each other by median cubital vein at level of cubital fossa

Question 35

Venous Drainage of Thorax What are the 4 veins?

Answer 35

pulmonary vein superior vena cava anterior intercostal vein posterior intercostal vein

Question 36

Venous Drainage of Thorax What are the pulmonary veins?

Answer 36

pair of veins receiving oxygenated blood from each lung and drain into left atrium

Question 37

Venous Drainage of Thorax What is the superior vena cava formed by?

Answer 37

union of left and right brachiocephalic veins behind right first costal cartilage and drains into right atrium

Question 38

Venous Drainage of Thorax What does the superior vena cava receive?

Answer 38

receives venous blood of head, neck, upper limbs, and thorax (except heart)

Question 39

Venous Drainage of Thorax What do anterior and posterior intercostal veins do?

Answer 39

drain venous blood of thoracic wall

Question 40

Venous Drainage of Thorax What are anterior intercostal veins collected by?

Answer 40

internal thoracic veins that then empty into brachiocephalic vein

Question 41

Venous Drainage of Thorax What does the right side of the posterior intercostal vein drain into?

Answer 41

azygus vein

Question 42

Venous Drainage of Thorax What does the left side of the posterior intercostal vein split into?

Answer 42

upper posterior intercostal vein | lower posterior intercostal vein

Question 43

Venous Drainage of Thorax What does the upper posterior intercostal vein drain into?

Answer 43

accessory hemyazygus vein

Question 44

Venous Drainage of Thorax What does the lower posterior intercostal vein drain into?

Answer 44

hemyazygus vein

Question 45

Venous Drainage of Thorax What do the hemiazygus and accessory hemiazygus veins drain into?

Answer 45

cross midline to drain into azygus vein, that then empties into superior vena cava

Question 46

Venous Drainage of Abdomen What is the inferior vena cava formed by?

Answer 46

union of left and right common iliac veins at level of vertebra LV

Question 47

Venous Drainage of Abdomen Where is the inferior vena cava?

Answer 47

ascends on right side of abdominal aorta on posterior abdominal wall and behind the liver then passes through diaphragm at level of vertebra TVIII and enters right atrium

Question 48

Venous Drainage of Abdomen What does the inferior vena cava receive?

Answer 48

venous blood of lower limbs, pelvis, and abdomen (except abdominal part of GI tract, pancreas, and spleen)

Question 49

Hepatic Portal Circulation Describe venous blood returning from alimentary canal below diaphragm.

Answer 49

rich in nutrients and must be delivered to live for further processing

Question 50

Hepatic Portal Circulation Where does venous blood of the liver empty?

Answer 50

into inferior vena cava through hepatic veins

Question 51

Hepatic Portal Circulation What does the hepatic portal vein do?

Answer 51

transports venous blood from abdominal esophagus, stomach and large intestines, pancreas and spleen to liver

Question 52

Hepatic Portal Circulation What is the hepatic portal vein formed by?

Answer 52

union of superior mesenteric and splenic veins behind neck of pancreas

Question 53

Hepatic Portal Circulation Where does the splenic vein form?

Answer 53

at hilum of splee

Question 54

Hepatic Portal Circulation What does the splenic vein receive venous blood from?

Answer 54

spleen and parts of stomach and pancreas

Question 55

Hepatic Portal Circulation What vein does the splenic vein receive? What does it collect?

Answer 55

inferior mesenteric vein that collects venous blood of splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

Question 56

Hepatic Portal Circulation What does the superior mesenteric vein collect venous blood from?

Answer 56

small intestine (except upper half of duodenum), cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and transverse colon

Question 57

Venous Drainage of Pelvis What are the 2 veins?

Answer 57

internal iliac vein | external iliac vein

Question 58

Venous Drainage of Pelvis What does the internal iliac vein receive venous blood from?

Answer 58

pelvis, through tributaries that follow synonymous arterial branches

Question 59

Venous Drainage of Pelvis What is the external iliac vein?

Answer 59

continuation of femoral vein

Question 60

Venous Drainage of Pelvis What does the external iliac vein join with? What does it form?

Answer 60

joins internal iliac vein to form common iliac vein

Question 61

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb What is venous blood of the lower leg collected by?

Answer 61

deep and superficial veins

Question 62

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep What are the deep veins?

Answer 62

synonymous with arteries

Question 63

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep What does the deep vein empty into?

Answer 63

empty into femoral vein (except gluteal region veins that are drained into internal iliac vein)

Question 64

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Deep What does the femoral vein receive? What does it continue as?

Answer 64

receives great saphenous vein below inguinal ligament, and continues as external iliac vein after passing deep to inguinal ligament

Question 65

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial What are the 2 superficial veins?

Answer 65

great saphenous vein | small saphenous vein

Question 66

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial Where is the great saphenous vein?

Answer 66

travel on medial side of leg ascends on medial thigh, and drains into femoral vein

Question 67

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial Where is the small saphenous vein?

Answer 67

travel on posterior side of leg penetrates deep fascia of popliteal fossa, and drains into popliteal vein

Question 68

Venous Drainage of Lower Limb - Superficial What do superficial veins arise from?

Answer 68

dorsal venous plexus on dorsum of foot