Chpt 26:Bowel Elimination Flashcards
ostomy
surgically created opening is a stoma
defacation
process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus is a bowel movement
flatulence
excessive formation of gas in the stomach and intestines
suppository
cone-shaped solid drug that is inserted into a body opening
diarrhea
frequent passage of liquid stools
fecal impaction
prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectu,
dehydration
excessive loss of water from tissues
flatus
gas or air passed through the anus
enema
introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon
excreted feces
stool
artificial opening between the colon and abdominal wall
colostomy
peristalsis
alternating contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles
constipation
passage of hard,dry stool
fecal incontinence
the inability to control the passage of feces and gas through the anus
stoma
surgically created opening an ostomy
feces
semi-solid mass of waste products in the colon
ileostomy
artificial opening between
people normally have a bowel movement
everyday
every 2-3 days
2-3 times a day
bleeding in the stomach and small intestines cause stool to be
black
the characteristic odor of stool is caused by
bacterial action in the intstines
when you observe stool is abnormal…
ask the nurse to observe the stool
which of these could interfere with defacation
having others present in a semi-private room
a person who must stay in bed most of the time may have irregular elimination and constipation because of
inactivity
which of these would provide safety for the person during bowel elimination
place the call light and toilet tissue w/in the person’s reach
constipation can be relieved by
increasing activity
a person tries several times to have a BM and cant. Liquid feces seep from the anus. This may mean that he has…
fecal impaction
when a fecal impaction is present, its relieved by
removing the fecal mass with a gloved finger
when checking and removing a fecal impaction what do you do
- the procedures must be in your job description
- your state must allow you to perform this procedure
- you must have the necessary ed. and training
why is good skin care important when a person has diarrhea
skin breakdown and pressure ulcers are risks
why is diarrhea very serious in older persons
it can cause dehydration and death
if a person w diarrhea has C.difficile you should
practice standard precautions and contact precautions
when fecal incontinence occurs, the person may need all of these except
increased fluid intake
if flatus is not expelled the person may complain of…
abdominal cramping or pain
what is a goal of bowel training
to gain control of BM
to develop reg. pattern of elimination
to prevent fecal impaction,constipation and fecal incontinence
when bowel training is planned, what is included in the care plan
the usual time of the day the person has a BM
when the nurse delegates you to prepare a soapsuds enema for an adult mix
3-5mL of castile soap in 500-1000mL of tap water
when you give a cleansing enema, it should be given to the person…
over 10-15mins
the person receiving an enema to an adult you will do…
insert the tubing 2-4in into the rectum
when the doc orders enemas until clear
ask the nurse how many enemas to give
if youre giving an enema and the person complains of cramping…
clamp the tube until the cramping subsides
if youre giving a cleansing enema to a child, what is the right thing to do
a saline enema is used when giving a cleansing enema to a child
when giving a small volume enema, dont release pressure on the bottle because
solution will be drawn back into the bottle
when giving a small volume enema
insert the enema tip 2 inches into the rectum
an oil-retention enema is given to do what
soften the feces and lubricate the rectum
if you feel resistance when you’re giving an enema
stop tube insertion
when you’re caring for a person w/ an ostomy you know
the stoma does not have sensation and touching it does not cause paon
which of these statements about an ileostomy is true
the skin around the ileostomy can be irritated by the digestive jucies in the stool
when caring for a person with an ostomy, the pouch is changed how frequently
changed every 2-7days and when it leaks
the best time to change the ostomy bag is before breakfast because
the stoma is less likely to expel feces at this time
when cleaning the skin around the stoma you use
gauze pads or washcloths and water and soap
SSE
soapsuds enema
BM
bowel movement
when observing stool what shoud be reported to the nurse
color amount consistency prescence/ blood or mucus odor shape frequency of BM complaints of pain, discomfort time
what 3 food groups are high in fiber
fruits
vegs
whole grain cereals and breads
name 6 gas forming foods
onions beans cucumber radishes cabbage cauliflower
drinking warm fluids such as coffee, tea, hot cider and warm water will increase…
peristalsis
if youre delegated to remove a fecal impaction what observations should you report and record
signs/bleeding
coor, amount consistency and odor/feces
complaints of pain or discomfort
how the person tolerated the procedure
when checking and removing impactions the vagus nerve may be stimulated. Why is this serious
can slow heart rate
how will dehydration affect skin,urine,BP, pulse and respirations
- skin is pale, flushed, dry
- urine is dark and scant
- BP is falling/ decreased
- Pulse and respiration rate are increased
flatulence may be caused when a tense or anxious person does what while eating and drinking
swallows air
when a nurse inserts a suppository, how soon would you expect the person to defecate
about 30 min
before giving enema, make sure that …
- your state allows you to perform procedure
- the procedure is in your job description
- you have necessry ed and training
- you review procedure w/ nurse
- a nurse is available to answer questions and supervise
after giving an enema, what should be reported and recorded
- amount/solution given
- noted bleeding/resistance when inserting the tube
- how person retained enema
- color,amount, consistancy,pain,discomfort
- complaints of cramping, pain, discomfort
- complaints of nausea/weakness
- how person tolerated procedure
because it is likely you will have contact with stool while giving an enema you should follow…
standard precautions, bloodborne pathogen standard
how can cramping be prevented during an enema
use correct water temp
give solution slowly
how long does it take for tap water, saline,soapsuds,enema to take effect
10-20 min
a small volume enema contains
120mL(4oz)
a person should retain a small volume enema until….
urge to defecate
when you start to insert the tube to give an enema ask the person to….
take deep breath through mouth
who can you place in the ostomy pouch to prevent odors
deodorant
showers and baths are delayed 1-2 hours after applying a new pouch to allow…
adhesive time to stick to skin
