Chapter Two

Question 1

Proteins functions

Answer 1

They are essential to cell structure and function

Question 2

Proteins are ____ containing what five elements

Answer 2

ORGANIC!!!
-Carbon
-Hydrogen
-Oxygen
-Nitrogen
-Sulfur

Question 3

What are protein sub units called?

Answer 3

Proteins are made up by amino acids!!!

Question 4

What are the four segments of a protein diagram

Answer 4

-Nitrogen
-C+H
-C/O/OH
-R group

Question 5

What is a peptide bond?

Answer 5

The bond between amino acids

Question 6

How are peptide bonds formed?

Answer 6

Through dehydration synthesis

Question 7

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 7

When two amino acids bond, the OH and H pair up and are removed
-removal of an H20

Question 8

The R group serves what function?

Answer 8

To make each amino acid different

Question 9

Up to how many amino acids can form a peptide bond/chain?

Answer 9

250-300!!!!

Question 10

What is present at every peptide bond?

Answer 10

Dehydration synthesis or the loss of water

Question 11

What is the primary structure?

Answer 11

The primary structure is determined by DNA
-molecular form of amino acid

Question 12

Secondary structure

Answer 12

Compacted version of primary structure

Question 13

what is tertiary structure

Answer 13

Both forms of secondary structure bonded together

Question 14

What is quatonary structure

Answer 14

Two of each forms of secondary structure bonded together

Question 15

What is denaturation?

Answer 15

The disruption of protein structure which renders the protein functionless

Question 16

Nucleic acid is made up of

Answer 16

Nucleotides

Question 17

Three components to nucleic acid

Answer 17

Base, sugar and a phosphate

Question 18

Bases can be ____ or _____

Answer 18

-purine
-pyramiding

Question 19

Whats the difference between purine and pyrimidine?

Answer 19

Purine- double ring
Pyrimidine- single ring

Question 20

Two types of purine

Answer 20

Adenine and guamine

Question 21

Two types of pyrimidine

Answer 21

Thymine and cytosine

Question 22

Adenine binds with

Answer 22

Thymine

Question 23

Guamine binds with

Answer 23

Cytosine

Question 24

thymine binds with

Answer 24

Adenine

Question 25

Cytosine binds with

Answer 25

guamine

Question 26

A/T and G/C are joined together by

Answer 26

Hydrogen bonds

Question 27

How does ribose go to deoxyribose

Answer 27

By loosing the second carbon atom

Question 28

Phosphate is organic or inorganic

Answer 28

Inorganic

Question 29

What is the backbone of DNA

Answer 29

Sugar and phosphate

Question 30

What are the rings of DNA made up of

Answer 30

The base

Question 31

DNA stands for

Answer 31

2-deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 32

DNA will never

Answer 32

Change

Question 33

DNA dictates what?

Answer 33

Proteins

Question 34

RNA stands for

Answer 34

Ribonucleic acid

Question 35

Why is RNA “ribose”

Answer 35

Because it has not lost a carbon on 2-

Question 36

RNA anatomy

Answer 36

Single strand

Question 37

RNA does not have what base?

Answer 37

Thymine

Question 38

what base does RNA have that DNA does not

Answer 38

Uracil

Question 39

In RNA what does cytosine bind too?

Answer 39

Guamine

Question 40

in RNA what does adenine bind too?

Answer 40

Uracil

Question 41

In RNA what does thymine bind too?

Answer 41

There is no thymine

Question 42

in RNA what does guamine bind too?

Answer 42

Cytosine

Question 43

What are the three different types of RNA

Answer 43

1. Messenger
2. Transfer
3. Ribosomal