Chapter Fourteen Flashcards
Ethology
Cause of disease
Pathogenesis
Manner in which disease develops
Microbial antagonism
Normal microbiota benefits the hosts by preventing overgrowth of harmful microorganisms
Symbiosis
Relationship between two organisms in which one organism is dependant on the other
Commensalism
One organism benefits the other is unaffected
Mutualism
Both organisms benefits
Parasitism
One organism benefits at the expense of another
Symptoms
-changes in the body function
-pain and malaise
-subjective
Signs
-objective
-observable and measurable
Syndrome
The specific cgorup of symptoms or signs that accompany a certain disease
Communicable disease
Disease where infected person transmits an infectious agent
-direct or indirect
Example- chickenpox, measles, influenza
Contagious diseases
Disease that are VERY communicable
-easy and rapid spreading
Noncommunicable disease
That is not spread from one host to another
-C.tetani (wounds)
Incidence of a disease
The number of people in a population who develop the disease during in specific period of time
Prevalence of a disease
Number of people in population who develop a disease in a specific time
-doesn’t matter when first appeared
Prevalence takes into account
Both old and new cases
-shows seriousness/length of diseases affecting population
Incidence indicates
Spread of the disease
Endemic disease
A disease constantly present in a population
Epidemic disease
Many people in given area acquire disease in a short period of time
Pandemic disease
An epidemic disease that occurs worldwide
Systemic infection
Spread throughout body via blood or lymph
-measles
Focal infection
Confined to specific areas of the body
Sepsis
Toxic inflammatory condition due to spread of microbes
-from focus infection
Septicaemia
Blood poisioning
-due to multiplication of pathogens in blood
-example of sepsis
Bacteremia
Bacteria in blood
Toxemia
Toxins in the blood
Viremia
Prescience of viruses in the blood
Incubation period
Between initial infection and first appearance of signs or symptoms
Prodromal period
Short period following incubation
-early mild symptoms
-cold like symptoms
Period of illness
Most severe point of disease
-overt s/s
Period of decline
S/s subside
-vulnerable to secondary infections
Period of convalesce
Regains strength
-recovery has occurred
