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Microbiologyh > Chapter Three > Flashcards

Chapter Three Flashcards

1
Q

Light source

A

Shines light on specimen

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2
Q

condenser

A

Focuses light thru specimen

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3
Q

Ocular lens

A

(Eye piece)
-remagnifies x10 the image produced by objective lens

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4
Q

Body tube transmits

A

The image from the objective lens to ocular

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5
Q

Objective lenses

A

Magnifies the specimen

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6
Q

Stage holds the

A

Microscopic slide in position

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7
Q

Diaphragm controls the

A

Amount of light entering the condenser

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8
Q

Illuminator

A

The light source

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9
Q

Stain

A

Salts composed of a positive and negative ion

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10
Q

Chromophore of a stain

A

Coloring agents responsible for colours in a stain

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11
Q

Acidic dye vs basic dye

A

Acidic dye- anion
Basic dye- cation

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12
Q

Negative staining

A

Staining background instead of cell

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13
Q

Bacteria is _____ charged, meaning it is never an _____ stain

A

Negatively, acidic

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14
Q

Bacteria is ALWAYS a ____ stain

A

Basic

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15
Q

Simple stain determines

A

Shape, arrangements and size of an organism

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16
Q

Simple stain is a single ___ ____

A

Basic dye

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17
Q

Does simple staining diagnose? q

A

No, its basic

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18
Q

Simple stain, intensify original colour (what’s the word for this)

A

Mordant

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19
Q

Differential stain function

A

Used for distinguishing and diagnosing between bacteria

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20
Q

Types of differential stains

A

-gram stain
-acid fast stain

21
Q

What does the gram stain discover/how long is the procedure

A

Bacteria is either gram positive or negative
-multi step procedure (5 min)

22
Q

Primary step of gram stain

A

Using crystal violet
-purple +
-purple -

23
Q

Mordant step of gram stain

A

Iodine
-purple +
-purple -

24
Q

decolorizing stage of gram stain

A

Alcohol acetone
-purple +
- colourless -

25
Q

Counterstain step in gram stain

A

Safranin
-purple +
-red/pink -

26
Q

Why is there a difference in the gram stain

A

Due to difference in cell walls

27
Q

Purple is absorbed by (positive or negative?)

A

Both

28
Q

Colour is intensified and a CVI2 complex is formed (positive or negative?)

A

Both

29
Q

Due to a stacked layer, the CVI2 complex remains stuck and stays purple (positive or negative?)

A

Positive cell wall

30
Q

Peptidoglycan looses CVI2 due to outer membrane, then forms large holes (positive or negative?)

A

Negative cell wall

31
Q

Function of acid fast stain

A

Detects TB and leprosy
-10 to 15 min but reliable and cheap

32
Q

Why do we need acid fast when we have gram stain?

A

Acid fast can diagnose myocobacterium and ensure that the patient has this before starting treatment

33
Q

Primary stage of acid fast

A

Carbolfushin
-red +
-red -

34
Q

Decolorzing stage of acid fast

A

Acid alcohol
-red +
-colourless -

35
Q

Counterstain stage of acid fast

A

Methylene blue
-red +
-blue -

36
Q

After acid fast what colour is a patient who HAS myocobacterium?

A

RED

37
Q

After acid fast what colour patient does not gave myocobacterium?

A

Blue

38
Q

Types of special stains

A

-capsule
-Endospores
-flagella

39
Q

Capsule stain

A

A way of determining if the cells contain a capsule

40
Q

Capsule stain: acidic stain

A

Background will be very dark

41
Q

Capsule stain: water wash

A

Objects can float away, so have to be careful and slow

42
Q

Capsule stain: simple

A

Cells will have a hollowed out region, indicating capsule

43
Q

Endospores stain

A

-clinically very important
Determining if there are Endospores present

44
Q

Endospores stain: primary stain

A

-malachite green
-needs 6min of heat

45
Q

Endospores stain: Counterstain

A

Green dot will appear in center of cell will show Endospores

46
Q

Flagella stain

A

Shows flagella’s in cells

47
Q

Flagella stain: carob fusion

A

-red due

48
Q

Flagella stain: mordant

A

-potassium alum
Intensifies colour and diameter of flagella

49
Q

Inconsistency in flagella stain

A

Flagella appears as frimbrae and floats away

Microbiologyh (18 decks)

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