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Microbiologyh > Chapter Eleven > Flashcards

Chapter Eleven Flashcards

1
Q

Ricksettia Ricksetti shape/oxygen/other

A

-Bacilli or coco bacilli
-obligate anaerobe
-spread by insects/tick bites

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2
Q

Ricksettia Ricksetti

A

Spotted fever
-spread by insects/tick bites

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3
Q

Bordetela peritissis shape/oxygen/other

A

-Rod shaped
-aerobe
-contain capsules

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4
Q

Bordetella peritissis

A

Whopping cough

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5
Q

Alpha bacteria

A

-ricksettia ricksetti

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6
Q

Two types of neisseria (in beta category)

A

-meningittis
-gonorrhea

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7
Q

Neisseria meningittis shape/oxygen/other

A

-diplococci
-aerobe
-contains capsule

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8
Q

Neisseria meningittis

A

Meningittis

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9
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea shape/oxygen/other

A

-diplococci
-aerobe
-contains capsule and fimbrae

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10
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Causes gonorrhea

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11
Q

Beta bacteria (two types)

A

-bordetella peritissis
-neisseria (meningitis and gonorrhea)

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12
Q

Pseudomondales (two types)

A

-pseudomonas aureginosa
-moxella lacunate

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13
Q

Pseudomonas aureuginosa shape/oxygen/other/growth

A

-rod
-aerobic

-moves with flagella and secretes blue/green pigment
-grows in antibiotics making it a challenge

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14
Q

Pseudomonas aureuginosa

A

An opportunistic (challenging) infection: found in wounds of burn pt
-Causes: UTI, pink eye, mold in food

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15
Q

Moxella lacunate

A

-cocbacillus (diploid pairs)
-infection —-> conjectivitis

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16
Q

Legionellates (two types)

A

-lgionella pneumophilla
-coxiella burnetti

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17
Q

Legionella pneumophilla shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-aerobic
-spread thru contaminated water (AC unit, water fountains)

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18
Q

Legionella pneumophilla causes

A

-legionaries disease
-Pontiac fever

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19
Q

Legionnaires disease

A

Fatal pneumonia

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20
Q

Pontiac fever

A

Milder form of pneumonia

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21
Q

Coxiella burnetti shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods
-aerobic
-endosporatic
-comes from farm animals and air

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22
Q

Coxiella burnetti causes

A

Q fever (pneumonia)

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23
Q

Vibrionales (one)

A

Vibreo cholerae

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24
Q

Vibreo cholerae shape/oxygen/other

A

-vibrio
-facultative anaerobic
-flagella

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25
Q

Vibreo cholerae causes

A

Diarrhea (rice watery stew)

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26
Q

Enterobacteriales (3 types)

A

-e. Coli
-e. salmonella
-shigella dysenterise

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27
Q

E. Coli shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod w/ peritrichous flagella + philis
-facultative anaerobic

-“lab pet” very easy to grow, called coliform bacteria
-enterics—> love the gut

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28
Q

E. Coli causes (3 things)

A

-UTI
-travellers diarrhea
-food infection

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29
Q

Two types of e. salmonella

A

-salmonella enterica
-salmonella typhoide

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30
Q

Salmonella enterica shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods with peritrichous flagella and phili
-facultative anaerobic

-commonly found in food + loves the gut

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31
Q

Salmonella enterica causes

A

Diarrhea

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32
Q

Salmonella typhoide shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods with peritrichous flagella + phili
-facultative anaerobic

-source always human, life long and loves the gut

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33
Q

Salmonella typhoide causes

A

Hemorrhaging

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34
Q

Shigella dysenterise shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods with peritrichous flagella + phili
-facultative anaerobic

-fecal oral route, contains shiga toxin, found in daycare centres, loves the gut

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35
Q

Shiga toxin

A

Breaks apart large intestine

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36
Q

Shigella dysenterise causes

A

Scarring and abscesses in large intestine

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37
Q

Pasteurellales (one type)

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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38
Q

Haemophilus influenzae shape/oxygen/other

A

-cocobacillus
-aerobic

-blood loving

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39
Q

Why does Haemophilus influenzae love blood?

A

Needs blood to completely the electron chain
-missing coenzyme NAD (v factor) and cytochrome (x factor)

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40
Q

Haemophilus influenzae causes (three things)

A

-infant meningitis
-otitis media
-pneumonia

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41
Q

Delta bacteria is

A

Delta proteobacteria

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42
Q

Epision bacteria (two)

A

-campylobarter jejuni
-helicobacteria pylori

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43
Q

Campylobacter jejuni shape/oxygen/other

A

-vibrio + monotrichous flagella
-microaerophilic

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44
Q

campylobacter jejuni causes

A

Gasteroenteritis

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45
Q

Helicobacteria pylori shape/oxygen/other

A

-virbio + peritrichous flagella
-microaerophilic

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46
Q

Helicobacteria pylori causes

A

Peptic ulcers

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47
Q

Pseudomonadolta other (type 4)

A
  1. Chalmydiae
    2.bacteroidetes
    3.fusobacteria
  2. Spirochetes
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48
Q

Chlamydiae (one type)

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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49
Q

Chalmydia trachomatis shape/oxygen/other

A

-coco bacillus
-anaerobe
-is a parasite, spreads: air, sexual contact

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50
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis causes (three things)

A

-trachoma
-LGU
-NGU

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51
Q

Trachoma

A

Non traumatic blindness

52
Q

LGU

A

Lymphogranutoma veneuren

53
Q

NGU

A

Nongenococcal urethritis

54
Q

Parasite growing process

A

-48 hours
-elementary bodies enter cell, then turn into veticulate body, multiples, back into elementary cell, releases to repeat

55
Q

Bacteroidetes (one type)

A

Bacteroides species

56
Q

Bacteroides species shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-obligate anaerobe
-found in oral cavity (need stain)

57
Q

Bacteroides species causes

A

Gengivitis, peritonitis

58
Q

Gengivitis

A

Loss of tooth

59
Q

Peritonitis

A

Bowel infection

60
Q

Fusobacteria (one type)

A

Fusovacteria species

61
Q

Fuscobacteria species shape/oxygen/other

A

-pointed rod
-obligate anaerobe
-oral cavity (need stain)

62
Q

Fusobacteria species causes

A

Gengivitis (milder form than bacteroides species)

63
Q

Spirochetes (one type)

A

Treponema pallidum

64
Q

Treponema pallidum shape/oxygen/other

A

-axial filament (for deep movement)

-entire genome is mapped out
-only grows in live body (not vitro)

65
Q

What does it imply if an entire genome is mapped out

A

There could be a vaccine

66
Q

Treponema pallidum causes

A

Syphillis (STD)

67
Q

Clostridales (4 types)

A

-clostridum tetani
-colistridum botulinum
-clostridum perfingens
-clostridum difficle

68
Q

Clostridum tetani shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-anaerobic
-endoscore, soil contamination

69
Q

Clostridum botulinum shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-anaerobic
-endospore soil contamination

70
Q

Clostridum perifringens shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods
-anaerobic
-endospore, soil contamination

71
Q

Clostridum difficle

A

-rods
-anaerobic
-endospore, soil contamination

-nosocomial

72
Q

Bacillales types 2

A

-bacillus anthracis
-staphylococcus aureuli

73
Q

Bacillus antrhacis shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-facilitated aerobic or aerobe
-endospore, found in soil

74
Q

Bacillus anthracis causes

A

Anthrax (bio weapon)

75
Q

Bacillus anthracis endospore

A

Doesn’t appear like a lollipop, maintains rod shape

76
Q

Staphylococcos aureus shape/oxygen/other

A

-grape like cluster
-facilitated aerobe
-very easy to grow

77
Q

Staphylococcos aureus causes six things

A

-skin infection
-boil
-sty on eye
-toxic shock syndrome
-food poisoning
-MRSA

78
Q

Staphylococcos saprohyacus causes

79
Q

Lactobacillales (four types)

A

-streptococcus
-enterococcus
-lactobacillus species
-listeria monocyrogenes

80
Q

Three types of streptococcus

A

-pyogenes
-pneumoniae
-mutans

81
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes shape/oxygen/other

A

-cocci in chains
-aerotolerant
-grows in blood agar, attaches by mprotein

82
Q

Pyogenes in blood agar

A

Beta hemolysis
(Clear)

83
Q

Gamma hemolysis

84
Q

Beta hemolysis

85
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae shape/oxygen/other

A

-diplo cocci, with capsule
-aerotolerant
-grows in blood agar

86
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes causes

A

-Rheumatic fever
-Scarlett fever
-skin infection
-otitis media
-strep throat

87
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes

A

-pneumonia
-meningitis
-otitis media

88
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae blood agar

A

Alpha hemolysis
(Green)

89
Q

Alpha hemolysis

90
Q

Streptococcus mutans shape/oxygen/other

A

-cocci in chains, with capsule
-aerotolarent
-grows in blood agar

91
Q

Streptococcus mutans causes

A

Tooth decay

92
Q

Streptococcus mutans blood agar

A

Alpha hemolysis
-green zone

93
Q

Why is alpha hemolysis green

A

The Hb is converted into methylated form
-making green

94
Q

What streptococcus in blood agar is clear?

95
Q

Two types of enterococcus

A

-faecalis
-faecium

96
Q

Enterococcus shape/oxygen/other

A

-cocci
-facultative anaerobe
-found in the intestine region, good survival (hardy)

97
Q

Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium)

A

Common nococommial infections
-biofilm
-post surgical infections
-catheter infections
-UTI infections

98
Q

How do enterococcus survive easily

99
Q

Faecalis and faecium travel by

A

Fecal mater

100
Q

Lactobacillus species shape/oxygen/other

A

-bacilli
-aerotolarent (fermentation)
-nonpathogenic behaviour

101
Q

If lactobacillus species are nonpathogenic, what does it do?

A

-aids in female privat parts, eating up sugar leaving vagina close to sterilized
-during birth contact with child will pass onto their microbiom

102
Q

Lactobacillus species —> aerotolerant

A

Fermentation
-yogurt and cheese

103
Q

Listeria monocylogenes shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-facultative anaerobe
-psychotroph, grows in monocytes/macrophages

104
Q

Listeria monocylogenes attacks/causes

A

Attacks immuno compromised person

Causes: listeriosis (meningitis)

105
Q

Listeria monocylogenes in pregnant people

A

-causes listeriosis
-thru placenta then reaches fetus
-causes miscarriage, stillbirth, or making them very sick/disabled

106
Q

Mycoplasmas (one type)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

107
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

-no cell wall
-no particular morphology
-cannot be treated by penicillin

108
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae in sterol

A

Grows like scrambled egg

109
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes

A

Walking pneumonia
-19 to 24 years old very vulnerable

110
Q

Why can’t Mycoplasma pneumoniae be treated by penicillin

A

Since penicillin attacks cell wall, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae has no cell wall

111
Q

What can treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Tetracycline and erythromyein

112
Q

Tetracycline

A

Attack protein synthesis process

113
Q

Two types of myocobacterium

A

-tuberculosis
-leprae

114
Q

Myocobacterium shape/oxygen/other

A

-rods
-aerobic
-mycolic acid, need an acid fast stain, long generation time, resistant to enjoyment and antibiotics

115
Q

Myocobacterium generation time

A

Long generation time
-20 hour lag phase
4 to 6 weeks for colonies to form

116
Q

Why is long generation time a problem with Myocobacterium

A

Hard to wait and see if patient has a disease

117
Q

Myocobacterium is resistant to

A

Environment and antibiotics

118
Q

Two examples of Myocobacterium

A

-tuberculosis
-leprae

119
Q

Corynebacterium dipheriae shape/oxygen/other

A

-rod
-facultative anaerobe
-pleomorphic

120
Q

Corynebacterium dipheriae causes

121
Q

Diptheria

A

-attacks throat region and upper respiratory tract
-makes leathery membrane (death or normal cells)

Leather like

122
Q

Corynebacterium dipheriae pleomorphic shapes (two)

A

-picket fence rod
-Chinese alphabet

123
Q

Propinoibacterium acnes (shape/color/other)

A

-rod
-anaerobic
-pathogenic

124
Q

Propinoibacterium acnes

A

Causes acne

125
Q

Propinoibacterium species causes

A

Fermentation of Swiss cheese

126
Q

Propinoibacterium species holes/flavour in swift cheese

A

-co2
-propionic acid

Microbiologyh (18 decks)

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