chapter 9 part 1 Flashcards
what is BMI?
body mass index
-screening tool for obesity
-relates height and weight
what is the formula for finding BMI?
BMI = weight x 703 / in2
what bmi is healthy?
18.5-24.9
what bmi is overweight
25-29.9
what bmi is obese
over 30
what percentage of americans are overweight or obese?
72?
what is the Bogalusa heart study known for?
heart disease begins in childhood
how much more likely are obese children to get high blood pressure?
8%
what percent of healthy weight children become obese adults?
7%
what percent of obese children become obese adults?
77%
why is it hard to lose weight?
-a weight reduced person needs 20% less calories to maintain their weight
-they can’t go back to eating the way they did before since they need fewer calories
when a person gains weight, how do fat cells grow?
they grow in size and number
when a person loses weight, how do fat cells grow?
fat cells diminish in size
what limitations does BMI have?
-it does not distinguish between fat and lean tissue
-does not show where fat is located
waist sizes
-men should be less than 40 in
-women less than 35 in
pear shape v apple shape
-pear: women, fat around hips and thighs, fewer health risks
-apple: men, fat around tummy, “central obesity,” more health risks
how much does a weight gain of 10 pounds increase risk of diabetes?
2x
how is a stroke related to obesity?
hypertension
how is heart disease related to obesity?
high blood lipids
how is cancer related to diabetes?
increased hormone levels or inflammation
how is covid related to obesity?
more likely to be hospitalized and die
how is alzheimer’s related to obesity?
you are 4x more likely to get diabetes if you have alzheimer’s
other diseases related to diabetes include…
gallbladder disease, arthritis, sleep apnea, depression
how does fatty liver disease develop?
a high fat diet causes fat to infiltrate liver
what problems does fatty liver disease create?
high blood sugar, high triglycerides, hypertension, low HDL
