chapter 11 - alcohol and caffeine Flashcards
why is caffeine considered a drug?
it is used for its chemical effect
what is meant by “tolerance” as related to a drug?
you get used to it, so you need more of the drug to get the same effect
what is meant by “withdrawal” as relates to a drug?
its the symptoms associated with stopping a drug
what are the withdrawal symptoms?
fatigue, headache, depression, difficulty concentrating
what are the health risks of chronic high doses of caffeine?
hypertension, osteoporosis, prenatal complications
what does caffeine deliver instead of energy?
nervous stimulation
what does someones body need if they want more energy?
rest
how is alcohol absorbed on an empty stomach?
fast
is alcohol broken down before it’s absorbed?
no- it’s absorbed whole
where is alcohol absorbed from?
stomach and small intestines
what enzyme is used to break down alcohol?
dehdrogenase
how fast does alcohol get metabolized?
rate of 1.5 to 2 hours per standard drink
how many calories are there per gram of alcohol?
7 cal
how do the calories of alcohol compare to that of oil?
they are very similar, a difference of 1 cal/gram
where does extra weigh accumulate from alcohol?
the belly/abodmen
how much beer is considered a standard drink?
12 ounces
how much wine is considered a standard drink?
5 ounces
how much liquor (shots) is considered a standard drink?
1.5 ounces
what can help someone get sober?
time
why do women get drunk on less alcohol than men?
- they have less alcohol dehydrogenase
- women have a smaller body size
is someone passes out while drinking, will that make their blood alcohol level go down in the short term?
no, since their blood alcohol content may still go up since more alcohol may still be absorbed
what are the negative short-term effects of alcohol?
injury, relationships, pregnancy, sleep problems, dehydration, impared judgment/conscious
what are the negative long-term effects of alcohol?
cancer, weight gain, birth defects, hypertension
why does the combination of alcohol with energy drinks cause severe dehydration?
-it’s two diuretics
-the energy drink masks the effects of alcohol
why does the combination of alcohol with energy drinks create a tendency for you to drink more?
since it masks the effects of alcohol
what is the substance that alcohol has that can “prevent heart disease”
resveratrol
how many cups of wine would someone have to drink the get the protective effect of resveratrol?
5000 cups
how much benefit on resveratrol was shown in human studies?
none
alanon
for friends/family of people who are addicted to alcohol
AA (alcoholics anonymous)
for people who are addicted to alcohol
