chapter 1 Flashcards
what is the leading cause of death for Americans?
poor nutrition
what nutrients can be found in fruits and vegetables?
vitamins a, d, k, magnesium, and potassium
what nutrients can be found in nuts & whole grains?
vitamin E and fiber
what nutrients can be found in milk and plant milks?
vitamin D and calcium
what are the overconsumed nutrients in the US?
sugar, sodium, cholseterol, saturated & trans fat, processed and high calorie foods.
whats wrong with what we’re eating?
72% overweight/obese
42% diabetes/pre-diabetes
vegan vs. plant-based whole food diet
vegan= no animal products
whole food plant diet= minimally processed plant foods (no oil or sugar)
what are some vegan non-nutritious foods?
oreos, fries, potato chips
what is an essential nutrient?
a nutrient that our body does not make, so it needs to be consumed in our diet
what is the difference between food and nutrients?
a food is something you can consume, while a nutrient is something that you get from the foods (chemical compound)
what is a kilocalorie?
the energy in foods
what type of nutrients are measured in calories?
macronutrients
macronutrients
needed in large amounts (carbs, fats, protein)
micronutrients
needed in small amounts
how many calories in one gram of…
carb
fat
protein
4
9
4
under what circumstances is a doctor less likely to diagnose obesity?
if they think the patient weighs more than them
under what circumstances is a doctor more likely to counsel on nutrition?
if the doctor is a vegetarian
what is the USDA dual mission?
support the meat industry and advise americans about health
what are two powerful lobbies that influence lawmakers about nutrution?
the meat lobby & drug lobby
why does the pharmaceutical industry care about the meat industry?
because 80% of antimicrobial drugs are sold to the meat industry
what is epigenetics?
the study of modifying gene expression
how can epigenetics provide encouragement to those with a poor family history for health problems?
they are able to change their gene expression by consuming healthier foods or having a lifestyle change
