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nutrition > chapter 3 part 2 > Flashcards

chapter 3 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

describe what happens to excess amounts of each nutrient

A

excess protein changed to glucose

excess glucose (carbs) is changed to glycogen and then fat

excess fat is stores as adipose tissue

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2
Q

what is the microbiome?

A

is it an ecosystem of microbes within the body

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3
Q

where is the microbiome found?

A

it is found in the large intestine

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4
Q

what are some things that can damage the microbiome?

A

c-section delivery, chronic stress, good allergies, junk food, artificial sweeteners, some meds (antibiotics)

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5
Q

what are some symptoms of an unhealthy microbiome?

A

weight gain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, cramps, IBS, cancer, heart disease

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6
Q

what do you need to feed your gut bacteria?

A

fiber

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7
Q

what does gut bacteria give you?

A

SCFA which will increase immunity, increase metabolic rate, and decrease appetite

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8
Q

what will happen if you have a healthy microbiome?

A

increase metabolic rate, and decrease appetite

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9
Q

what are probiotics?

A

food or supplements that contain the healthy microbes

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10
Q

what are some examples of probiotics?

A

yogurt and probiotic supplements

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11
Q

what are prebiotics?

A

the microbes “favorite foods”

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12
Q

what healthy habits protect the microbiome?

A

eat slowly, chew food, low-stress eating, adequate sleep, reduce stress, BE HEALTHY

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13
Q

why does diet soda not help weight loss?

A

it has aspartame which hurts gut bacteria so the SCFA are not able to help you lose weight.

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14
Q

what is/causes gingivitis/periodontal disease?

A

gum inflammation, infections/plaque

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of gingivitis/periodontal disease?

A

bleeding and pain

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16
Q

what is the prevention/treatment of gingivitis/periodontal disease?

A

flossing
do not do meth

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17
Q

what is/causes dysphagia?

A

swallowing troubles
stroke, scar tissue, cancer

18
Q

what are the symptoms of dysphagia?

A

choking

19
Q

what is/are the causes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A

LES relaxes when it shouldn.t

20
Q

what are the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A

heartburn

21
Q

how can you prevent/treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

A

small meals espscially at night
don’t lie down after eating (wait 2 hours
don’t drink with meals
don’t smoke
lose weight
wear loose-fit clothes
avoid foods that are aggrivating

22
Q

aggrivating foods

A

spicy
coffee
soda
ketchup & mustard
chocoalte
peppermint

23
Q

what is/causes gallstones?

A

thick/concentrated bile forms stones
not enough fiber or water

24
Q

what are the symtoms of gallstones?

A

fever, nausea, vommiting

25
Q

how can you prevent gallstones?

A

increase fiber & water

26
Q

what is/causes flatulence?

A

fast eating, soda, changing fiber diet too quickly

27
Q

what are the symptoms of flatulence?

A

gas

28
Q

how can you prevent/treat flatulence?

A

eat smaller meals, avoid soda, use “beano”
slowly add fiber to diet

29
Q

what is/causes constipation?

A

not enough fiber, water, or activity

30
Q

what are the symptoms of constitpation?

A

not pooping

31
Q

how can you prevent/treat constipation?

A

more water, fiber, & activity

32
Q

what is/causes hemorrhoids?

A

swollen, irritated, or torn veins?

33
Q

what are the symptoms of hemorrhoids?

A

bleeding

34
Q

how can you prevent/treat hemorrhoids?

A

prevent constipation

35
Q

what disorders can be prevented by getting enough fiber and water?

A

constipation, flatulence, and gallstones

36
Q

gluten sensitivity

A

bloat, gas, or tired after eating gluten. no damaged vili

37
Q

celiac disease

A

damaged vili shrink, not enough surface area for absorbing nutrients, severe sensitivity to gluten. intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea

38
Q

what type of food contains the most fiber?

A

beans

39
Q

how much fiber should you get to avoid cancer?

A

40-45 grams

40
Q

how much fiber does the average American get?

A

16 grams

41
Q

what foods are gluten found in?

A

barely, rye, wheat, sometimes oats because they can be contaminated

nutrition (25 decks)

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