chapter 3 part 2 Flashcards
describe what happens to excess amounts of each nutrient
excess protein changed to glucose
excess glucose (carbs) is changed to glycogen and then fat
excess fat is stores as adipose tissue
what is the microbiome?
is it an ecosystem of microbes within the body
where is the microbiome found?
it is found in the large intestine
what are some things that can damage the microbiome?
c-section delivery, chronic stress, good allergies, junk food, artificial sweeteners, some meds (antibiotics)
what are some symptoms of an unhealthy microbiome?
weight gain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, cramps, IBS, cancer, heart disease
what do you need to feed your gut bacteria?
fiber
what does gut bacteria give you?
SCFA which will increase immunity, increase metabolic rate, and decrease appetite
what will happen if you have a healthy microbiome?
increase metabolic rate, and decrease appetite
what are probiotics?
food or supplements that contain the healthy microbes
what are some examples of probiotics?
yogurt and probiotic supplements
what are prebiotics?
the microbes “favorite foods”
what healthy habits protect the microbiome?
eat slowly, chew food, low-stress eating, adequate sleep, reduce stress, BE HEALTHY
why does diet soda not help weight loss?
it has aspartame which hurts gut bacteria so the SCFA are not able to help you lose weight.
what is/causes gingivitis/periodontal disease?
gum inflammation, infections/plaque
what are the symptoms of gingivitis/periodontal disease?
bleeding and pain
what is the prevention/treatment of gingivitis/periodontal disease?
flossing
do not do meth
what is/causes dysphagia?
swallowing troubles
stroke, scar tissue, cancer
what are the symptoms of dysphagia?
choking
what is/are the causes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
LES relaxes when it shouldn.t
what are the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
heartburn
how can you prevent/treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
small meals espscially at night
don’t lie down after eating (wait 2 hours
don’t drink with meals
don’t smoke
lose weight
wear loose-fit clothes
avoid foods that are aggrivating
aggrivating foods
spicy
coffee
soda
ketchup & mustard
chocoalte
peppermint
what is/causes gallstones?
thick/concentrated bile forms stones
not enough fiber or water
what are the symtoms of gallstones?
fever, nausea, vommiting
how can you prevent gallstones?
increase fiber & water
what is/causes flatulence?
fast eating, soda, changing fiber diet too quickly
what are the symptoms of flatulence?
gas
how can you prevent/treat flatulence?
eat smaller meals, avoid soda, use “beano”
slowly add fiber to diet
what is/causes constipation?
not enough fiber, water, or activity
what are the symptoms of constitpation?
not pooping
how can you prevent/treat constipation?
more water, fiber, & activity
what is/causes hemorrhoids?
swollen, irritated, or torn veins?
what are the symptoms of hemorrhoids?
bleeding
how can you prevent/treat hemorrhoids?
prevent constipation
what disorders can be prevented by getting enough fiber and water?
constipation, flatulence, and gallstones
gluten sensitivity
bloat, gas, or tired after eating gluten. no damaged vili
celiac disease
damaged vili shrink, not enough surface area for absorbing nutrients, severe sensitivity to gluten. intestinal inflammation, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea
what type of food contains the most fiber?
beans
how much fiber should you get to avoid cancer?
40-45 grams
how much fiber does the average American get?
16 grams
what foods are gluten found in?
barely, rye, wheat, sometimes oats because they can be contaminated
