chapter 8 part 1 Flashcards
what is water in the body used for?
a solvent, cooling, lubricant, cushioning, cleaning
if you soak a slice of an apple in corn syrup, would you expect it to lose or gain weight?
lose weight
your little nephew has been sick for several days with a high temperature, vomiting and diarrhea. why could this be dehydration?
reduced blood volume-increased electrolytes in blood-water is attracted to blood-tissues shrink (since the water leaves then goes to the blood).
the water leaves the the mouth and eyes (tissues) to go to the blood.
mild v severe dehydration
mild:
-lose less than 5% of body weight
-dry mouth/throat
-poor mental function
-concentrated uring
severe:
-more than 5% of body weight
-sweating slows/stops
-blue lips and fingers
-confusion
-thickening on blood
-shock, coma, death
osmosis
hypertonic- tissues are so dry
isotonic- balanced water in tissues and blood
hypotonic- too much water in the tissues
what are the signs of severe dehydration?
thirst, dark urine, weight loss during exercise, dry mouth/eyes
why does body temp increase with severe dehydration
you are not sweating
chronic dehydration increases risk for what disease?
heart attack, cancer, kidney stones, uti, constipation, gall stones
what is water intoxication also called?
hyponatremia
what is water intoxication?
overhydration
what happens to body cells in water intoxication?
tissues/cells burst because they the concentration of electrolytes foes down due to the over-hydration, the blood becomes hypotonic since the blood is attracted to the tissues, so they burst
what are the symptoms of water intoxication?
headache, confusion, fatigue, decreased energy, muscle weakness, spasms, restlessness, irritability, seizures, coma, death
dehydration v water intoxication
-what happens to blood volume in both
-what happens to concentration of solutes (electrolytes) in blood
-where is the water attracted (blood or cells)
-where is water pulled (blood or cells)
-what happens to body cells
dehydration-
down, up, blood, cells, shrink
water intoxication
-increases, decreases, cells, blood, burst
what is a diuretic?
something that causes the body to lose water
what beverages have diuretics?
caffeine and alcohol