Chapter 9 Flashcards
What are cognition processes
- Attention
- Memory
- Learning
- Thinking
- Skill acquisition
- Reading, speaking and listening
What is attention
Ability of mind to focus on one thing at a time
What are 2 cognitive framework
- Human information processing model
2. Human processor model
What are different types of attention
- Visual attention
- Auditory attention
What are different categories of attention
1- Focused attention (talking to one person)
2- Divided attention (talking to a person driving car)
What happens in focused attention
Senses->short term store->processing
What is voluntary and involuntary attention
Voluntary attention is we are in a room and trying to listen someone voice.
Involuntary attention is we are working and someone else listening music. This is example of Involuntary attention
What are factors effecting attentional focus
- meaningfulness
- structure of display
- use of color, intensity
- use of modalities
What is memory
It involves encoding and recalling knowledge and acting appropriately
Memory works in a way that it selects selected things to store, what it is called
Filtering e.g. what we were doing on last year 16 December. we do not remember everything.
What are models of memory
Sensory model -> Short term model (working memory) -> Long term model
What are types of sensory model
- Iconic: for visual stimulus (fireworks trail, finger movement)
- Aural: for auditory stimulus (repeat a question)
- Haptic: touch stimulus
Does sensory memory just like computer short term memory where information overwritten again and again
Yes
What about short term memory
Scratch pad for temporary recall.
rapid access ~ 70 ms
rapid decay ~ 200 ms
What is closure
chunk formation
How much digits we can remember in chunk formation
7 plus minus 2
What are 2 effects in short term memory
1- Recency effect
2- Primacy effect
What is recency effect
Better recall for items at the end of the list because these items are still active in STM (and possibly in SM) at the time of recall.
What is primacy effect
better recall for items at the beginning of list (because they are rehearsed more and eyes see them again and again)
What about long term memory
Organized as a network of connected chunks of knowledge. Memory saved for weeks, months and years.
What are 3 types of long term memory
- Episodic memory (events and experiences in serial form)
- Semantic memory (structured record of facts, concepts and skills) . It is in structured form
- Script model (memory instantiated with values)
