Chapter 6

Question 1

Does HCI build from many fields

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

What is cognition and cognition frameworks

Answer 2

How human thinks

Question 3

What is cognition

Answer 3

A process by which we gain knowledge.

Question 4

What are 2 cognitive modes

Answer 4

1. Experiential cognition

2. Reflective cognition

Question 5

What is experiential cognition

Answer 5

We perceive act and react events around us effortlessly. e.g. Driving a car. It requires some learning

Question 6

What is reflective cognition

Answer 6

It requires more exertion and mental effort. e.g. writing a book

Question 7

What is human IPM

Answer 7

information processing model is

Encoding-> Comparison -> Response Selection -> Response Execution

Question 8

What is encoding

Answer 8

Information from environment in some kind of internal representation

Question 9

What is comparison

Answer 9

Internal representation is compared with memorized representations

Question 10

What is response selection

Answer 10

Concerned with deciding on a response to the encoded stimulus

Question 11

What is response execution

Answer 11

Organizing response and necessary action

Question 12

What is human processor model

Answer 12

It is cognitive framework. It helps conceptualize human behavior. It has 3 systems

1. Perceptual system (first perceive from environment)
2. Cognitive system (second mental processes on it)
3. Motor system (response from body parts)

and every system has 2 components.

1. Processor
2. attached memory

Question 13

What is GOMS

Answer 13

It is also cognitive framework. It gives qualitative description.
Goals
Operators
Methods
Selection rules

Question 14

What are latest cognitive frameworks

Answer 14

• Knowledge representation models
• Mental models
• User interaction learning models
  These models apply to HCI through
• Conceptual models
• Interface metaphor

Question 15

What is computational approach

Answer 15

It adopts computer metaphor as a theoretical framework

Question 16

What is connectionist approach/neural network /parallel distributed approach

Answer 16

This approach rejects computer metaphor and adopts brain metaphor

Question 17

What is external cognition framework

Answer 17

There are 3 aspects of this framework
1- Externalizing to reduce memory load (write out something to reduce memory load, to do list, sticky notes, shopping list)
2- Computational offload (234 x 756 use of calculator or rough paper to reduce mental load)
3- Annotating and cognitive tracing (ticking the shopping list = annotation, reordering things = cognitive tracing)

Question 18

What is distributed cognition framework

Answer 18

It addresses the flaws in human IPM. In this framework the cognition (thinking, accessing capabilities) distributed in work environment.

Question 19

What is information visualization

Answer 19

To apply external cognition to computer based system ( broker office stock market data chart )