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Neuroanatomy > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

The thalamus is part of the?

A

Diencephalon

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2
Q

Both the right and left egg-shaped thalami make up the LATERAL WALLS of the?

A

Third ventricle

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3
Q

The vast majority of axons coursing the _________________ course from the thalamus?

A

Cerebral cortex

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4
Q

The thalamus contains about a dozen nuclei of _______________, each of which sends axons to the CEREBRAL CORTEX

A

Gray matter

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5
Q

The INTERNAL MEDULLARY LAMINA is a thin sheet of ______________ , that subdivides the thalamus into nuclear groups

A

myelinated fibers

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6
Q

The internal medullary lamina bifurcates ANTERIORLY creating boundaries for the:

A

1) anterior nuclear group
2) medial nuclear group
3) Lateral nuclear group

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7
Q

THE ANTERIOR AND MEDIAL subdivisions each have only ONE major nucleus, respectively called the:

A

1) Anterior nucleus
2) Dorsomedial nucleus

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8
Q

The LATERAL division, in contrast, contains an array of FOUR major nuclei. From ANTERIOR TO POSTERIOR they are the:

A

1) Ventral anterior (VA) nucleus
2) Ventral lateral (VL) nucleus
3) Ventral posterior nucleus
4) Lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

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9
Q

The VENTRAL POSTERIOR NUCLEUS, contains two functional subdivisions:

A

1) Ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus
2) Ventral Posteromedial (VMP) nucleus

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10
Q

The thalamus is a __________________ that contains nuclei for pathways involved in somatic and special senses.

A

SENSORY relay center

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11
Q

The ________________ is the INFERIOR division of the DIENCEPHALON

A

Hypothalamus

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12
Q

The hypothalamus forms the INFEROLATERAL WALLS of the __________________

A

third ventricle

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13
Q

The hypothalamus contains about a dozen nuclei of ___________________

A

GRAY MATTER

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14
Q

On the inferior side of the brain, what lies between the OPTIC CHIASMA and the posterior border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES

A

Hypothalamus

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15
Q

The mammillary bodies are rounded bumps that bulge from the posterior hypothalamic floor. They are the start of the MAMMILLOTHALAMIC TRACT, which is part of the __________________?

A

Limbic system

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16
Q

What projects INFERIORLY from the hypothalamus?

A

Pituitary gland

17
Q

The hypothalamus is the main ________________________ of the body, regulating many activities of the visceral organs.

A

Visceral control center

18
Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

A

1) Control of the ANS, maintaining homeostasis and regulating the activity of visceral organs
2) Center for emotional response and reproductive behavior
3) regulation of body temp
4) Control of the endocrine system
5) involved with the centers for hunger and thirst
6) Control of sleep-wake cycles along with the reticular activating system (RAS) and other regions of the brain
7) Regulation of many daily rhythms associated with the body’s biological clock

19
Q

What is the most DORSAL PART of the DIENCEPHALON, lying posterior to the thalamus?

A

Eputhalamus

20
Q

The epithalamus form the roof of the ______________

A

3rd ventricle

21
Q

What contains a tiny group of nuclei and small, UNPAIRED KNOB called the PINEAL BODY?

A

Epithalamus

22
Q

Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pineal body secretes? A hormone that signals the body to prepare for the nighttime stage of the sleep-wake cycle asa part of circadian rhythm.

A

Melatonin

23
Q

What is associated with brainstem activity and sexual development?

A

Epithalamus

24
Q

What helps to regulate motor pathways and emotions?

A

Epithalamus

25
Q

What is a compact band of the axons that lie DEEP to the cerebral cortex and its underlying WHITE MATTER

A

Internal capsule

26
Q

What is V-shaped and is divided into an anterior and posterior limb?

A

Internal capsule

27
Q

The internal capsule projection fibers travel to and from the cerebral cortex, _____________________, brainstem or spinal cord.

A

THALAMUS basal ganglia

28
Q

The internal capsule upper fibers are known more specifically as the ______________________

A

corona radiata

29
Q

Which is correct?
a) the internal medullary lamina is a thin sheet of unmyelinated fibers that subdivide the thalamus into nuclear groups
b) the internal medullary lamina bifurcates posteriorly, creating boundaries for the anterior, medial, and lateral nuclear groups
c) the thalamus is part of the diencephalon
d) the thalamus contains about a dozen nuclei of white matter, each of which send axons to the cerebral cortex

A

c) the thalamus is part of the diencephalon

30
Q

Which is correct?
a) the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei form two bumps posteriorly and inferiorly on the main body of the thalamus
b) the anterior subdivision contains only one major nuclei
c) the lateral and medial subdivision of internal medullary lamina each have 4 major nuclei
d) both the right and left thalami make up the medial walls fo the third ventricle

A

a) the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei form 2 bumps posteriorly and inferiorly on the main body of the thalamus

31
Q

Which is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?
a) control of the ANS maintaining homeostasis and regulating the activity of visceral organs
b) regulation of body temp
c) it is the sensory relay center that contains nuclei for pathways involved in somatic and special senses
d) involved with the centers for hunger and thirst

A

c) it is the sensory relay center that contains nuclei for pathways involved in somatic and special senses

32
Q

which internal brain structure forms the roof of the third ventricle?
a) thalamus
b) internal capsule
c) epithalamus
d) hypothalamus

A

c) epithalamus

33
Q

Which is correctly paired?
a) thalamus- superior part of corona radiata
b) hypothalamus- superior part of the diencephalon
c) epithalamus- contains internal medullary lamina
d) epithalamus-most dorsal part of diencephalon

A

d) epithalamus- most dorsal part of diencephalon

34
Q
A

Neuroanatomy (26 decks)

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