chapter 6 Flashcards
what is the largest part of the brain, consisting of 2 hemisphere
cerebrum
what are convolutions of the cerebrum separated by SULCI?
Gyri
What are the fissures or sulci of the cerebrum?
1) Longitundinal fissure
2) transverse fissure or sulcus
3) Lateral fissure or sulcus
4) central sulcus
what separates the right and left hemispheres and is occupied by the FALX cerebri?
Longitudinal fissure
What separates the cerebrum and cerebellum and is occupied by the TENTORIUM cerebelli?
Transverse fissure or sulcus
What separates the TEMPORAL lobe from the rest of the cerebrum superior to it?
Lateral fissure or sulcus
What separates the pre-central (motor) gyrus from the post-central (sensory) gyrus
Central sulcus
What are the 4 main lobes that the cerebrum contains?
1) frontal
2) parietal
3) occipital
4) temporal
A fifth lobe the _____________, lies within the depths of the LATERAL sulcus
Insula
The ____________________ is the PRE-central gyrus and lies ANTERIOR to the central sulcus
Primary motor cortex
The _____________________ is the POST-central gyrus and lies POSTERIOR to the central sulcus
Primary sensory cortex
What constitutes the central gray matter of the cerebrum? It controls movement and posture. Disease involve disturbances in voluntary muscle control (parkinson’s and Huntington’s)?
Basal Nuclei (ganglia)
What is the most important SENSORY relay center of the brain? it sends incoming impulses from the body to the CEREBRAL CORTEX.
Thalamus
What functions in the regulation of
1) body temp
2) carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
3) Sleep, sexual activity, and emotions
Hypothalamus
What lies between and is associated with the following?
1) Optic chiasma
2) Mammillary bodies
3) Pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
This is where optic nerves (CNII) cross
optic chiasma
This is a Sensory synaptic station, part of the limbic system
Mammillary bodies
This projects inferior from the HYPOTHALAMUS and secretes hormones?
Pituitary gland
What is composed of three parts from superior to inferior: midbrain, pons medulla oblongata?
Brainstem
What contains the CEREBRAL PEDUNCLES anteriorly and the TECTUM with the CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA posteriorly?
Midbrain
The CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA of the midbrain consists of 4 elevations that are arranged as two pairs referred to as:
1) Superior colliculi
2) Inferior colliculi
These are involved in the pathway of VISION?
superior colliculi
These are involved in the pathway of HEARING?
Inferior colliculi
These act as a bridge connecting the right and left CEREBELLAR hemispheres
-It relays impulses from the CEREBRAL CORTEX to the CEREBELLUM
PONS
What is the part of the brain that is directly continuous with the spinal cord? It contains most of the ascending and descending TRACTS of the spinal cord.
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata represents an area in which pyramidal tract fibers lie what is this called?
Pyramids
An area inferior to the pyramids is where the pyramidal tracts cross or DECUSSATE over to the contralateral side?
Pyramidal Decussation
Where can other tracts cross either in the spinal cord or in the brain itself that contains several nuclei involved in the regulation of vital body activities: respiratory, cardiac (heart rate), and vasomotor (blood pressure)
Medulla oblongata
What is referred to as the little brain, connects with the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata via the superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar PEDUNCLES, respectively?
Cerebellum
What consists of two hemispheres separated by a median VERMIS
Cerebellum
What has an outer cortex that contains folia separated by fissures; (folia means leaves)
Cerebellum
Internally, the cerebellum contains white matter branching in the form of a tree, called the ________________?
ARBOR VITAE
What are the function of the cerebellum?
1) COORDINATION of muscular activity
2) Regulation of muscle tone
3) Maintenance of equilibrium
