chapter 18 Flashcards
What is a network of intermingling and intertwining nerves that supplies structures of the upper limb?
Brachial plexus
Spinal nerve plexuses are derived only from __________ and nerves from dorsal rami
ventral rami
The brachial plexus is formed directly from the ventral rami of spinal nerves
C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1
The ventral rami combine to form the __________ of the brachial plexus
trunks
The ventral rami of C5 and C6 join to form the
upper trunk
The ventral ramus of C7 continues to as the
middle trunk
The ventral rami of C8 and T1 join to form the
lower trunk
Each trunk of the brachial plexus divides into an __________________ and ___________________
1) anterior division
2) posterior division
The anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks join to form the
lateral cord
the anterior division of the lower trunk continues as the
medial cord
the three posterior divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks all join to form the
posterior cord
cords are all found in the
axilla
the names lateral, posterior, and medial indicate their location in relation to the
axillary artery
the cords give of a total of __ nerves and then continues distally as the 4 major nerves of the upper limb
8
Brachial plexus has…
1) branches of ventral rami
2) Branches of the trunks
3) Branches of the cords
4) Nerves derived from cords (primary nerves)
Branches of ventral rami of the brachial plexus are?
1) dorsal scapular nerve
2) long thoracic nerve
Branches of the trunks of the brachial plexus are?
1) nerve of the subclavius
2) SUPRASCAPULAR NERVES
Branches of the cords of the brachial plexus are?
1) Lateral pectoral nerve
2) medial pectoral nerve
3) medial brachial cutaneous nerve
4) medial ANTEBRACHIAL CUTANEOUS NERVE
5) Upper subscapular nerve
6) Thoracodorsal nerve
7) Lower subscapular nerve
8) AXILLARY NERVE
what are the nerves derived from cords (primary nerves) of the brachial plexus?
1) Musculocutaneous nerve
2) ULNAR NERVE
3) radial nerve
4) median nerve
The dorsal scapular nerve originates from the ventral ramus of?
C5
What courses deep to levator scapula and enters the deep surface of the rhomboids, supplying rhomboid major and rhomboid minor muscles?
Dorsal scapular nerve
The long thoracic nerve originates from the ventral rami of C5, C6, and
C7
What courses posterior to the axillary artery and courses on the external surface of the serratus anterior muscle, which it supplies?
Long thoracic nerve
The nerve to the subclavius originates from the?
upper trunk
What nerve descends posterior to the clavicle, ending in and supplying the subclavius muscle?
Nerve of the subclavius
The suprascapular nerve originates from the?
Upper trunk
What nerve courses laterally and posteriorly, this nerve passes through the suprascapular notch and enters the supraspinous fossa, innervating the __________________ muscle. Then it courses around the spine of the scapula and enters the infraspinous fossa, innervating the infraspinatus muscle?
1) Suprascapular nerve
2) spraspinatus muscle
the lateral pectoral nerve originates from the?
Lateral cord
what courses through the fascia above pectoralis minor into the deep surface of the pectoralis major muscle, which it supplies
Lateral pectoral nerve
the medial pectoral nerve originates from the
medial cord
What pierces the pectoralis minor muscle and passes through to the deep surface of pectoralis major, supplying both muscles?
Medial pectoral nerve
The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve originates from the
medial cord
What pierces the fascia of the proximal arm and supplies the skin on the LOWER medial arm?
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
the medial brachial cutaneous nerve originates form the?
medial cord
What descends below the middle of the forearm, where it pierces the antebrachial fascia and supplies the skin on the medial forearm?
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
the upper subscapular nerve originates from the?
Posterior cord
What courses into and supplies the subscapularis muscle?
Upper subscapular nerve
The thoracodorsal nerve originates from the?
posterior cord
what courses inferiorly and posteriorly to the deep surface of the latissimus dorsi muscle, which it innervates?
Thoracodorsal nerve
The lower subscapular nerve originates from the?
posterior cord
What courses over the anterior surface of the subscapularis muscle and divides into two muscular branches, one supplying the subscapularis muscle and the other supplying the teres MAJOR muscle?
lower subscapular nerve
The lower subscapular nerve courses over the anterior surface of the subscapularis muscle and divides into two muscular branches, one supplying the subscapularis muscle and the other supplying the ______________?
teres MAJOR muscle
The axillary nerve originates from the?
Posterior cord
What courses inferiorly through the quadrangular space of the shoulder, passes medial to the surgical neck of the humerus, and innervates the teres minor and DELTOID muscle?
Axillary nerve
The axillary nerve courses inferiorly through the quadrangular space of the shoulder, passes medial to the surgical neck of the humerus, and innervates the teres minor and ______________?
DELTOID muscle
What is the continuation of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, beginning after the lateral root to the median nerve is given off?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the continuation of the medial cord of the brachial plexus, beginning after the medial root to the median nerve is given off?
Ulnar nerve
What is the continuation of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, beginning after the axillary nerve is given off?
Radial nerve
What is derived from the lateral root of the median nerve and the medial root of the median nerve?
medial nerve
1) Which of the following is FALSE?
a. The ventral ramus of C7 continues as the middle trunk
b. Trunks are found within the neck
c. The brachial plexus is formed directly from the dorsal rami of spinal nerves C5-T1
d. The ventral rami of C5 and C6 join to form the upper trunk
c. The brachial plexus is formed directly from the dorsal rami of spinal nerves C5-T1
2) Which of the following is TRUE?
a. The anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks join to form the medial cord
b. Each trunk of the brachial plexus divides into an anterior and posterior division
c. Cords are named according to their location in relation to the brachial artery
d. The cords gives off a total of 8 nerves and then continues proximally as four major nerves
b. Each trunk of the brachial plexus divides into an anterior and posterior division
3) Branches coming directly off of the VENTRAL RAMI include which of the following? Select all that apply:
a. Long thoracic nerve
b. Dorsal scapular nerve
c. Nerve to the subclavius
d. Lateral pectoral nerve
a. Long thoracic nerve
b. Dorsal scapular nerve
4) Branches coming directly off the TRUNKS including which of the following? Select ALL that apply:
a. Suprascapular nerve
b. Nerve to the subclavius
c. Lower subscapular nerve
d. Axillary nerve
a. Suprascapular nerve
b. Nerve to the subclavius
5) Which of the following is FALSE?
a. The nerve that supplies the infraspinatus originates from the upper trunk
b. The nerve to the subclavius originates from the lateral cord
c. The dorsal scapular nerve originates from the ventral ramus of C5
d. The cords give off a total of 8 nerves and then continues distally as four major nerve
b. The nerve to the subclavius originates from the lateral cord
6) Which of the following is FALSE?
a. The long thoracic nerve courses posteriorly to the axillary artery
b. The medial pectoral nerve originates from the medial cord and supplies two muscles
c. The thoracodorsal nerve courses inferiorly and posteriorly to supply the latissimus dorsi muscle
d. The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve supplies the skin on the lower medial arm
d. The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve supplies the skin on the lower medial arm
7) Match each nerve with the structure that they ORGINATE from:
a. Axillary nerve:
b. Long thoracic nerve:
c. Thoracodorsal nerve:
d. Medial pectoral nerve:
e. Suprascapular nerve:
f. Upper subscapular nerve:
a) posterior cord
b) Ventral rami C5-C7
c) Posterior cord
d) Medial cord
e) Upper trunk
f) posterior cord
8) Which nerve supplies only ONE muscle?
a. Axillary nerve
b. Lower subscapular nerve
c. Upper subscapular nerve
d. Dorsal scapular nerve
e. Suprascapular nerve
c. Upper subscapular nerve
9) Which of the following is true?
a. The musculocutaneous nerve begins after the medial root to the median nerve is given off
b. The radial nerve is the continuation of the posterior cord after the axillary nerve is given off
c. The ulnar nerve begins after the lateral root to the median nerve is given off
d. The median nerve is derived from the posterior and medial roots of the median nerve
b. The radial nerve is the continuation of the posterior cord after the axillary nerve is given off
10) Match each nerve to the correct AREA/MUSCLE that they supply:
a. Teres minor:
b. Skin on the lower medial arm:
c. Pectoralis major:
d. Serratus anterior:
e. Skin of the medial forearm:
f. Subscapularis:
a) axillary nerve
b) medial brachial cutaneous nerve
c) lateral pectoral nerve
d) Long thoracic nerve
e) medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
f) Upper subscapular nerve
