chapter 10

Question 1

The reticular formation runs through the central core of ____________,____________,__________

Answer 1

1) medulla
2) pons
3) midbrain

Question 2

The reticular formation consists of loosely cluttered interneurons situated in the __________________ of the brainstem

Answer 2

White matter

Question 3

The reticular neurons form ___ columns that extends throughout the length of the brainstem

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What are the 3 columns?

Answer 4

1) Midline RAPHE nuclei
2) Medial group of nuclei
3) Lateral group of nuclei

Question 5

Reticular neurons have long, extensively branching axons. They project to widely separate regions that include the….

Answer 5

1) thalamus
2) cerebellum
3) spinal cord

Question 6

Such widespread connections make reticular neurons ideal for governing the ___________ of the brain as a whole

Answer 6

arousal

Question 7

___________________ to the reticular formation arise from the cranial nerves, spinal cord, forebrain and cerebellum.

Answer 7

Afferent connection

Question 8

What reach the cranial nerves, spinal cord and cerebral cortex?

Answer 8

Reticular formation Efferent connections

Question 9

Functions of the reticular formation afferent

Answer 9

1) Cranial nerves V,VIII, IX, X send inputs from their sensory nuclei
2) Afferent neurons from the spinal cord enter via the SPINORECTICULAR TRACT
3) the cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal nuclei (ganglia) send projection to reticular formation nuclei
4) Input from the cerebellum conveys information on EQUILIBRIUM AND POSTURE

Question 10

What are the functions of the reticular formation efferents?

Answer 10

1) Descending fibers coursing to the SPINAL CORD form the RETICULOSPINAL TRACT, where they impact motor activity, pain modulation and autonomics
2) influence cranial nerve activity
3) The RAS functions in sleep and AROUSAL from sleep
4) Axons from the ascending sensory tracts synapse on RAS neurons, keeping reticular neurons active and enhancing the arousing effect on the cerebrum

Question 11

Reticular formation efferent centers influence cranial nerve activity including:

Answer 11

1) CNIII, IV, VI for eye movement
2) CN V for mastication
3) CNVII FOR FACIAL EXPRESSION, SALIVATION, AND LACRIMATION
4) CNIX for salivation, swallowing, hiccuping, and sneezing
5) CNXII FOR TONGUE MOVEMENT

Question 12

The three columns formed by the reticular neurons that extend throughout the length of the brainstem include all of the following except?
a) midline raphe nuclei
b) basal nuclei
c) medial group of nuclei
d) lateral group of nuclei

Answer 12

b) basal nuclei

Question 13

Reticular formation nuclei influence all of the following except?
a) CNB (motor root) for mastication
b) CNVII for salivation, swallowing, hiccuping, and sneezing
c) Vagus nerve for circulation
d) CNXII for tongue movements

Answer 13

b) CNVII for salivation, swallowing, hiccuping, and sneezing

Question 14

Which of the following structures sends projections to the reticular formation nuclei (you can pick 1-4 options, you will get partial credit)
a) hypothalamus
b) Basal nuclei
c) cerebellum
d) thalamus

Answer 14

c) cerebellum
d) thalamus

Question 15

Which is correct?
a) descending fibers coursing to the spinal cord from the spinorecticular tract
b) Reticular activating system (RAS) functions in sleep and arousal from sleep
c) Descending fibers pass to the cerebral cortex as part of the RAS
d) Afferent neurons from the spinal cord enter via the reticulospinal tract

Answer 15

b) Reticular activating system (RAS) functions in sleep and arousal from sleep

Question 16

Which is incorrect?
a) Efferent connections from the RF reach the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and cerebral cortex
b) the RAS is a division of the RF that maintains consciousness and alertness
c) input from the cerebellum to the RF afferents conveys information equilibrium and posture
d) CNV, VII, X and XI send input from their sensory nuclei to the reticular formation (RF) afferents

Answer 16

d) CNV, VII, X and XI send input from their sensory nuclei to the reticular formation (RF) afferents