Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Arthrology

A

The study of joints

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2
Q

Gliding Motion

A

Two opposing surfaces sliding back-and-forth or side-to-side; angle between bones unchanged; limited movement (plane joints)

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3
Q

Angular Motion

A

Either increases or decreases angle between two bones

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4
Q

Flexion

A

Movement in an anterior-posterior plane; decreases angle between bones

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5
Q

Extension

A

Increases angle between articulating bones; opposite of flexion

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6
Q

Hyperextension

A

Joint extended more than 180 degrees

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7
Q

Lateral Flexion

A

Trunk of body moving in coronal plane laterally; occurs primarily between vertebrae in the cervical and lumbar region

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8
Q

Adduction

A

Medial movement of body part toward midline

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9
Q

Abduction

A

Lateral movement of body part away from midline

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10
Q

Circumduction

A

Proximal end of appendage relatively stationary; dital end makes a circular motion; Occurs as a result of flexion, abduction, extension, adduction

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11
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

turns anterior surface of femur or humerus laterally

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12
Q

Medial Rotation

A

turns anterior surface of femur or humerus medially

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13
Q

Pronation

A

Medial rotation of forearm so palm of the hand posterior

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14
Q

Supination

A

lateral rotation of the forearm so palm of the hand anterior

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15
Q

Depression

A

Inferior movement of a part of the body

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16
Q

Elevation

A

Superior movement of a body part

17
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Talocrural (ankle) joint bent so the dorsum of the foot moves toward the leg (toes up)

18
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Talocrural joint bent so the dorsum is pointed inferiorly (toes down)

19
Q

Inversion

A

Sole turns medially; occurs at the intertarsal joints of the foot only

20
Q

Eversion

A

Occurs at the intertarsal joints only; sole turns laterally

21
Q

Protraction

A

Anterior movement from anatomic position (chin forward)

22
Q

Retraction

A

Posterior movement from anatomic position (chin back)

23
Q

Meniscus

A

partially stabilize joint medially and laterally; act as cushioning between articular surfaces

24
Q

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

A

extends from posterior femur to anterior tibia; prevents hyperextension; prevents tibia moving too far anteriorly on the femur

25
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Runs from anteroinferior femur to posterior tibia; prevents hyperflexion; prevents posterior displacement of tibia on the femur
26
Fibular collateral ligament
reinforces lateral surface of the joint; prevents hyperadduction of leg at the knee
27
Tibial collateral ligament
Reinforces the medial surface of the knee joint; extends from femur to tibia; prevents hyperabduction of leg at the knee
28
Tibiofemoral joint
between condyles of femur and condyles of tibia
29
Patellofemoral joint
between patella and patellar surface of femur
30
Patellar ligament
extends from patella to the tibial tuberosity
31
Quadriceps femoris tendon
Passes over knee's anterior surface; patella embedded here
32
Plane Joint
Between tarsal bones, slides along one plane, uniaxial
33
Hinge Joint
elbow, uniaxial
34
Pivot Joint
turning, uniaxial
35
Condylar Joint
biaxial, joystick, allows rotation but no movement
36
Saddle Joint
biaxial and movable joint that allows movements on two planes-flexion or extension and abduction or adduction
37
Ball and Socket
a rounded bone moving within a depression of another bone