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Anatomy > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Arteries

A

Convey blood from heart to capillaries; more muscular control; Have thicker walls than veins; more elastic and collagen fibers so hold their shape

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2
Q

Capillaries

A

exchange substances between blood and tissues; contain only tunica intima; thin wall allows for rapid gas and nutrient exchange

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3
Q

Veins

A

transport blood from capillaries to heart; thicker tunica externa and larger lumen; wall collapses if no blood in vessel

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4
Q

Lumen

A

Space inside a blood vessel

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5
Q

Tunica Intima

A

innermost layer of vessel wall; endothelium of simple squamous epithelium

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6
Q

Tunica Media

A

Middle layer of vessel; smooth muscle cells with elastic fibers;

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7
Q

Tunica Externa

A

Outermost layer of vessel; areolar CT; helps anchor vessel to other structures;

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8
Q

Elastic Arteries

A

Conducting arteries; largest; conduct blood from heart to muscular arteries; aorta, pulmonary trunk, common carotid, common iliac arteries

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9
Q

Muscular Arteries

A

Distributing arteries to specific body regions; muscle allows vasoconstriction; elastic tissue in 2 layers (internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina); most named arteries (brachial and coronary arteries)

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10
Q

Arterioles

A

smallest arteries; smooth muscle usually somewhat constricted; regulate systemic blood pressure and blood flow

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11
Q

Capillary Characteristics

A

wall consists of endothelial layer on basement membrane; thin wall and small diameter are optimal for exchange between blood and tissue fluid

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12
Q

Continuous Capillaries

A

continuous lining of endothelial cells; tight junctions but no complete seal; mostly small molecule and gas exchange; muscle, skin, lungs, CNS

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13
Q

Fenestrated Capillaries

A

continuous lining but the cells have fenestrations (pores); found in areas with major fluid transport (intestine and kidney)

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14
Q

Sinusoids

A

Incomplete lining with large gaps; basement membrane is incomplete or absent; transport of large substances and even full blood cells; found in bone marrow, spleen, and some endocrine glands

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15
Q

Capillary Beds

A

Groups of capillaries functioning together; fed by metarteriole

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16
Q

Metarteriole

A

a vessel branch of an arteriole

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17
Q

True Capillaries

A

vessels branching from metarteriole

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18
Q

Precapillary Sphincter

A

smooth muscle ring at true capillary origin; relaxation permits blood to flow into capillaries;

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19
Q

Venules

A

smallest veins; merge to form veins

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20
Q

Small, medium and large veins

A

Small and medium travel with muscular arteries; large veins travel with elastic arteries

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21
Q

Simple Pathway

A

one major artery delivers blood to organ or region

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22
Q

Arterial Anastomosis

A

2 or more arteries converge to supply the same region

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23
Q

Venous Anastomosis

A

2 or more veins converge to drain the same region

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24
Q

Arteriovenous Anastomosis

A

Transports blood from artery directly to vein (shunt); allows areas to be bypassed if body is hypothermic

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25
Q

Portal system

A

2 capillary beds in sequence with each other

26
Q

Angiogenesis

A

formation of new vessels

27
Q

Regression

A

Return to previous state of blood vessels

28
Q

Companion Vessels

A

lie next to each other

29
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

progressive disease of elastic and muscular arteries; thickening of tunica intima, narrowing of arterial lumen;

30
Q

Aneurysm

A

part of arterial wall thins and balloons out; wall more prone to rupture; can cause massive bleeding and death; most common in aorta or arteries at the base of the brain

31
Q

Convey blood from heart to capillaries; more muscular control; Have thicker walls than veins; more elastic and collagen fibers so hold their shape

A

Arteries

32
Q

exchange substances between blood and tissues; contain only tunica intima; thin wall allows for rapid gas and nutrient exchange

A

Capillaries

33
Q

transport blood from capillaries to heart; thicker tunica externa and larger lumen; wall collapses if no blood in vessel

A

Veins

34
Q

Space inside a blood vessel

A

Lumen

35
Q

innermost layer of vessel wall; endothelium of simple squamous epithelium

A

Tunica Intima

36
Q

Middle layer of vessel; smooth muscle cells with elastic fibers;

A

Tunica Media

37
Q

Outermost layer of vessel; areolar CT; helps anchor vessel to other structures;

A

Tunica Externa

38
Q

Conducting arteries; largest; conduct blood from heart to muscular arteries; aorta, pulmonary trunk, common carotid, common iliac arteries

A

Elastic Arteries

39
Q

Distributing arteries to specific body regions; muscle allows vasoconstriction; elastic tissue in 2 layers (internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina); most named arteries (brachial and coronary arteries)

A

Muscular Arteries

40
Q

smallest arteries; smooth muscle usually somewhat constricted; regulate systemic blood pressure and blood flow

A

Arterioles

41
Q

wall consists of endothelial layer on basement membrane; thin wall and small diameter are optimal for exchange between blood and tissue fluid

A

Capillary Characteristics

42
Q

continuous lining of endothelial cells; tight junctions but no complete seal; mostly small molecule and gas exchange; muscle, skin, lungs, CNS

A

Continuous Capillaries

43
Q

continuous lining but the cells have fenestrations (pores); found in areas with major fluid transport (intestine and kidney)

A

Fenestrated Capillaries

44
Q

Incomplete lining with large gaps; basement membrane is incomplete or absent; transport of large substances and even full blood cells; found in bone marrow, spleen, and some endocrine glands

A

Sinusoids

45
Q

Groups of capillaries functioning together; fed by metarteriole

A

Capillary Beds

46
Q

a vessel branch of an arteriole

A

Metarteriole

47
Q

vessels branching from metarteriole

A

True Capillaries

48
Q

smooth muscle ring at true capillary origin; relaxation permits blood to flow into capillaries;

A

Precapillary Sphincter

49
Q

smallest veins; merge to form veins

A

Venules

50
Q

Small and medium travel with muscular arteries; large veins travel with elastic arteries

A

Small, medium and large veins

51
Q

one major artery delivers blood to organ or region

A

Simple Pathway

52
Q

2 or more arteries converge to supply the same region

A

Arterial Anastomosis

53
Q

2 or more veins converge to drain the same region

A

Venous Anastomosis

54
Q

Transports blood from artery directly to vein (shunt); allows areas to be bypassed if body is hypothermic

A

Arteriovenous Anastomosis

55
Q

2 capillary beds in sequence with each other

A

Portal system

56
Q

formation of new vessels

A

Angiogenesis

57
Q

Return to previous state of blood vessels

A

Regression

58
Q

lie next to each other

A

Companion Vessels

59
Q

progressive disease of elastic and muscular arteries; thickening of tunica intima, narrowing of arterial lumen;

A

Atherosclerosis

60
Q

part of arterial wall thins and balloons out; wall more prone to rupture; can cause massive bleeding and death; most common in aorta or arteries at the base of the brain

A

Aneurysm

Anatomy (26 decks)

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