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Anatomy > Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood AWAY from the heart; Mostly oxygenated blood

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2
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood to the heart; mostly deoxygenated blood

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3
Q

Atria

A

Gathering place for blood to be sent to ventricles

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4
Q

Ventricles

A

inferior chambers that heart muscles actively pump blood away; have thicker walls than atria; left ventricle has thicker wall than right ventricle

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5
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

Transports blood from right ventricle and splits into pulmonary arteries

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6
Q

Aorta

A

Transports blood from left ventricle

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7
Q

Superior and inferior vena cava

A

Drain deoxygenated blood into right atrium

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8
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A

Drain oxygenated blood into left atrium

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9
Q

Atrioventricular Valves

A

Left and Right AV valves; sit between atrium and ventricle on both sides; right is tricuspid; left is bicuspid/mitral)

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10
Q

Semilunar Valves

A

Sit between ventricle and arterial trunk; Pulmonary and Aortic Valves

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11
Q

Basic Pattern

A

Right heart to lungs to left heart to systemic tissues to right heart

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12
Q

Pericardium

A

Encloses the heart; 3 layers (fibrous pericardium and parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium)

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13
Q

Apex

A

inferior, conical end of the heart

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14
Q

Base

A

postero-superior surface of heart

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15
Q

Fibrous Pericardium

A

Outermost covering of the heart; dense irregular CT; attaches to diaphragm and base of aorta; anchors heart and prevents overfilling

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16
Q

Parietal Layer of Serous Pericardium

A

Simple Squamous epithelium and areolar CT;

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17
Q

Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium

A

Simple squamous epithelium an areolar CT; attaches directly to the heart

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18
Q

Epicardium

A

Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium; simple squamous epithelium and areolar CT

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19
Q

Myocardium

A

middle layer of heart wall; cardiac muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood

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20
Q

Endocardium

A

covers internal surface of heart and external surface of valves; simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue; continuous with lining of blood vessels

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21
Q

Interatrial Septum

A

Separates atria

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22
Q

Interventricular Septum

A

separates ventricles

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23
Q

Fibrous Skeleton

A

dense irregular CT; provides structural support at boundary of atria and ventricles; forms fibrous rings to anchor valves

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24
Q

Sinoatrial Node

A

initiates heartbeat; the heart doesn’t require neural input to beat

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25
Q

Atrioventricular Node

A

floor of right atrium

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26
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

extend from left and right bundles at heart’s apex; course through walls of ventricles; provide the heart’s conduction system to perform synchronized contractions of its ventricles

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27
Q

ANS influence on heart rate

A

Medulla oblongata; sends signals via sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways; modifies cardiac activity

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28
Q

Valve Function

A

ensure one-way flow of blood through heart

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29
Q

Auricles

A

wrinkled extension of atrium

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30
Q

coronary sulcus

A

separates atria from ventricles

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31
Q

Interventricular sulci

A

separate left from right ventricles

32
Q

Pectinate Muscles

A

ridges on the anterior wall and within the auricle

33
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

oval depression on interatrial septum

34
Q

Foramen ovale

A

hole that shunted blood from right to left atrium in fetal life

35
Q

Trabeculae carneae

A

irregular muscular ridges inside ventricle wall

36
Q

Papillary Muscles

A

cone-shaped projections extending from internal ventricle wall

37
Q

Tendinous Cords

A

thin strands of collagen fibers attaching to AV valve

38
Q

Atrioventricular Bundle

A

extends from AV node through the interventricular septum; divides into left and right bundles

39
Q

Carry blood AWAY from the heart; Mostly oxygenated blood

40
Q

Carry blood to the heart; mostly deoxygenated blood

41
Q

Gathering place for blood to be sent to ventricles

42
Q

inferior chambers that heart muscles actively pump blood away; have thicker walls than atria; left ventricle has thicker wall than right ventricle

A

Ventricles

43
Q

Transports blood from right ventricle and splits into pulmonary arteries

A

Pulmonary Trunk

44
Q

Transports blood from left ventricle

45
Q

Drain deoxygenated blood into right atrium

A

Superior and inferior vena cava

46
Q

Drain oxygenated blood into left atrium

A

Pulmonary Veins

47
Q

Left and Right AV valves; sit between atrium and ventricle on both sides; right is tricuspid; left is bicuspid/mitral)

A

Atrioventricular Valves

48
Q

Sit between ventricle and arterial trunk; Pulmonary and Aortic Valves

A

Semilunar Valves

49
Q

Right heart to lungs to left heart to systemic tissues to right heart

A

Basic Pattern

50
Q

Encloses the heart; 3 layers (fibrous pericardium and parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium)

A

Pericardium

51
Q

inferior, conical end of the heart

52
Q

postero-superior surface of heart

53
Q

Outermost covering of the heart; dense irregular CT; attaches to diaphragm and base of aorta; anchors heart and prevents overfilling

A

Fibrous Pericardium

54
Q

Simple Squamous epithelium and areolar CT;

A

Parietal Layer of Serous Pericardium

55
Q

Simple squamous epithelium an areolar CT; attaches directly to the heart

A

Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium

56
Q

Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium; simple squamous epithelium and areolar CT

A

Epicardium

57
Q

middle layer of heart wall; cardiac muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood

A

Myocardium

58
Q

covers internal surface of heart and external surface of valves; simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue; continuous with lining of blood vessels

A

Endocardium

59
Q

Separates atria

A

Interatrial Septum

60
Q

separates ventricles

A

Interventricular Septum

61
Q

dense irregular CT; provides structural support at boundary of atria and ventricles; forms fibrous rings to anchor valves

A

Fibrous Skeleton

62
Q

initiates heartbeat; the heart doesn’t require neural input to beat

A

Sinoatrial Node

63
Q

floor of right atrium

A

Atrioventricular Node

64
Q

extend from left and right bundles at heart’s apex; course through walls of ventricles; provide the heart’s conduction system to perform synchronized contractions of its ventricles

A

Purkinje fibers

65
Q

Medulla oblongata; sends signals via sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways; modifies cardiac activity

A

ANS influence on heart rate

66
Q

ensure one-way flow of blood through heart

A

Valve Function

67
Q

wrinkled extension of atrium

68
Q

separates atria from ventricles

A

coronary sulcus

69
Q

separate left from right ventricles

A

Interventricular sulci

70
Q

ridges on the anterior wall and within the auricle

A

Pectinate Muscles

71
Q

oval depression on interatrial septum

A

Fossa Ovalis

72
Q

hole that shunted blood from right to left atrium in fetal life

A

Foramen ovale

73
Q

irregular muscular ridges inside ventricle wall

A

Trabeculae carneae

74
Q

cone-shaped projections extending from internal ventricle wall

A

Papillary Muscles

75
Q

thin strands of collagen fibers attaching to AV valve

A

Tendinous Cords

76
Q

extends from AV node through the interventricular septum; divides into left and right bundles

A

Atrioventricular Bundle

Anatomy (26 decks)

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