Chapter 14

Question 1

Cauda Equina

Answer 1

nerve roots projecting inferiorly from spinal cord; think horse tail

Question 2

Filum Terminale

Answer 2

thin strand of pia mater; helps anchor conus medullaris to coccyx

Question 3

Cervical and lumbosacral Enlargement

Answer 3

increased neural input and output to the upper and lower limbs C3 to T1 and between L2 and S3

Question 4

Conus Medullaris

Answer 4

the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord

Question 5

Dermatome

Answer 5

Segment of skin supplied by single spinal nerve; Can help localize damage to one or more spinal nerves

Question 6

Rami Communicantes

Answer 6

small branches of autonomic fibers

Question 7

Nerve Plexus

Answer 7

Network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 8

Reflex Arc

Answer 8

Begins at a receptor in PNS; Communicates with CNS; Ends at a peripheral effector (muscle or gland); Varying number of intermediate steps

Question 9

Monosynaptic or polysynaptic

Answer 9

Do sensory neurons synapse directly with motor neurons or are there interneurons in the reflex arc?

Question 10

Ipsilateral or contralateral

Answer 10

Are receptor and effector on the same side of the body or on opposite sides?

Question 11

Stretch Reflex

Answer 11

Monosynaptic reflex, Regulates skeletal muscle length, Reflexive muscle contraction after stretching of a muscle

Question 12

Golgi Tendon Reflex

Answer 12

Prevents muscles from contracting excessively; Polysynaptic reflex; Results in muscle lengthening

Question 13

Withdrawal Reflex

Answer 13

polysynaptic reflex initiated by painful stimulus
transmitted by sensory neuron to spinal cord
received by interneurons; motor neurons signaled to flex

Question 14

Crossed-Extensor Reflex

Answer 14

Allows the opposite side limb to support body weight while the hurt limb withdraws

Question 15

nerve roots projecting inferiorly from spinal cord; think horse tail

Answer 15

Cauda Equina

Question 16

thin strand of pia mater; helps anchor conus medullaris to coccyx

Answer 16

Filum Terminale

Question 17

increased neural input and output to the upper and lower limbs C3 to T1 and between L2 and S3

Answer 17

Cervical and lumbosacral Enlargement

Question 18

the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord

Answer 18

Conus Medullaris

Question 19

Segment of skin supplied by single spinal nerve; Can help localize damage to one or more spinal nerves

Answer 19

Dermatome

Question 20

small branches of autonomic fibers

Answer 20

Rami Communicantes

Question 21

Network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves

Answer 21

Nerve Plexus

Question 22

Begins at a receptor in PNS; Communicates with CNS; Ends at a peripheral effector (muscle or gland); Varying number of intermediate steps

Answer 22

Reflex Arc

Question 23

Do sensory neurons synapse directly with motor neurons or are there interneurons in the reflex arc?

Answer 23

Monosynaptic or polysynaptic

Question 24

Are receptor and effector on the same side of the body or on opposite sides?

Answer 24

Ipsilateral or contralateral

Question 25

Monosynaptic reflex, Regulates skeletal muscle length, Reflexive muscle contraction after stretching of a muscle

Answer 25

Stretch Reflex

Question 26

Prevents muscles from contracting excessively; Polysynaptic reflex; Results in muscle lengthening

Answer 26

Golgi Tendon Reflex

Question 27

polysynaptic reflex initiated by painful stimulus
transmitted by sensory neuron to spinal cord
received by interneurons; motor neurons signaled to flex

Answer 27

Withdrawal Reflex

Question 28

Allows the opposite side limb to support body weight while the hurt limb withdraws

Answer 28

Crossed-Extensor Reflex