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Anatomy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy Definition

A

The study of structure and form

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of functions of the body parts

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3
Q

Characteristics of Life 6)

A

Organization, metabolism, growth and development, responsiveness, regulation, reproduction

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4
Q

Anatomic Position

A

The position that anatomists and physiologists use to describe the body for accuracy and clarity. Used as a common point of reference. Head is level, upright stance, eyes forward, upper limbs at the side with palms facing anteriorly, and feet parallel and flat on the floor.

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5
Q

Coronal Plane

A

A vertical plane that divides anterior and posterior (front and back)

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6
Q

Transverse Plane

A

A Horizontal Plane that divides superior and inferior (top and bottom)

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7
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

A Vertical Plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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8
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Vertical plane that dives into unequal left and right structures.

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9
Q

Oblique Plane

A

Pass through structures at an angle.

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10
Q

Anterior

A

In front of; toward the belly

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11
Q

Posterior

A

In back of; toward the back

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12
Q

Dorsal

A

At the back side of the human body

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13
Q

Ventral

A

At the belly side of the human body

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14
Q

Superior

A

Closer to the Head

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15
Q

Inferior

A

Closer to the feet

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16
Q

Cranial (Cephalic)

A

At the head end

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17
Q

Caudal

A

At the rear or tail end

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18
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body

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19
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body

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20
Q

Deep

A

On the inside; internal to another structure

21
Q

Superficial

A

On the outside

22
Q

Proximal

A

Towards the trunk

23
Q

Distal

A

Away from the trunk

24
Q

Radiography

A

High energy radiation, X-rays pass through soft tissues and are absorbed by dense tissues (dentistry, mammography, chest examination)

25
Q

Sonography

A

Uses high-frequency ultrasound waves; commonly used to monitor fetus; evaluates glands, lumps, joints, and guides needles during biopsy

26
Q

Computed Tomography

A

Sophisticated use of x-rays, slices combined to make 3D image, higher exposure to x-rays; used to identify tumors, kidney stones, etc

27
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

Electromagnet-generated field and radiowaves; cause the protons in hydrogen atoms to align; soft tissues are imaged; Radiowaves cause protons to absorb energy; functional MRI can map brain function based on local oxygen concentration differences in blood flow

28
Q

Position Emission Tomography

A

Radioactively labeled glucose releasing positrons; positron and electron collide and emit gamma rays to be read by a sensor; metabolic state; (brain scans, cardiac scans, cancer metastases)

29
Q

Epigastric Region

A

Above the stomach

30
Q

Umbilical

A

Belly-Button

31
Q

Hypogastric Region

A

Below the stomach

32
Q

L/R Hypochondriac Region

A

Below the Rib Cartilage

33
Q

L/R Lumbar Region

A

Mid Back

34
Q

L/R Iliac Region

A

Lower Back

35
Q

Axial Region

A

Includes head, neck, and trunk; must have for life; forms the main vertical axis of the body

36
Q

Appendicular region

A

Composed of the upper and lower limbs and the bones that connect them (scapula and hip bones)

37
Q

Posterior Aspect

A

Includes the cranial cavity and vertebral canal (completely encased in bone); Continuous Connected Cavity

38
Q

Ventral Cavity

A

Includes the Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity; Lines with serous membranes (continuous layer of cells) Divided by the diaphragm

39
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Above the diaphragm

40
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

Two-layered serous membrane associated with the lungs; potential space has serous fluid

41
Q

Mediastinum

A

Contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels that connect to the heart

42
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Potential space between parietal and visceral layers containing serous fluid

43
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Includes the Abdominal Cavity and the Pelvic Cavity

44
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Contains the Brain; formed by bones of the cranium

45
Q

Vertebral Canal

A

Contains the Spinal Chord; formed by the bones of the vertebral column

46
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Just beneath the diaphragm

47
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Below the Abdominal Cavity

48
Q

Parietal Layer

A

Lines the internal surface of the body wall

49
Q

Visceral Layer

A

Covers the external surface of organs

Anatomy (26 decks)

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