Chapter 1

Question 1

Anatomy Definition

Answer 1

The study of structure and form

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of functions of the body parts

Question 3

Characteristics of Life 6)

Answer 3

Organization, metabolism, growth and development, responsiveness, regulation, reproduction

Question 4

Anatomic Position

Answer 4

The position that anatomists and physiologists use to describe the body for accuracy and clarity. Used as a common point of reference. Head is level, upright stance, eyes forward, upper limbs at the side with palms facing anteriorly, and feet parallel and flat on the floor.

Question 5

Coronal Plane

Answer 5

A vertical plane that divides anterior and posterior (front and back)

Question 6

Transverse Plane

Answer 6

A Horizontal Plane that divides superior and inferior (top and bottom)

Question 7

Midsagittal Plane

Answer 7

A Vertical Plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

Question 8

Sagittal Plane

Answer 8

Vertical plane that dives into unequal left and right structures.

Question 9

Oblique Plane

Answer 9

Pass through structures at an angle.

Question 10

Anterior

Answer 10

In front of; toward the belly

Question 11

Posterior

Answer 11

In back of; toward the back

Question 12

Dorsal

Answer 12

At the back side of the human body

Question 13

Ventral

Answer 13

At the belly side of the human body

Question 14

Superior

Answer 14

Closer to the Head

Question 15

Inferior

Answer 15

Closer to the feet

Question 16

Cranial (Cephalic)

Answer 16

At the head end

Question 17

Caudal

Answer 17

At the rear or tail end

Question 18

Medial

Answer 18

Toward the midline of the body

Question 19

Lateral

Answer 19

Away from the midline of the body

Question 20

Deep

Answer 20

On the inside; internal to another structure

Question 21

Superficial

Answer 21

On the outside

Question 22

Proximal

Answer 22

Towards the trunk

Question 23

Distal

Answer 23

Away from the trunk

Question 24

Radiography

Answer 24

High energy radiation, X-rays pass through soft tissues and are absorbed by dense tissues (dentistry, mammography, chest examination)

Question 25

Sonography

Answer 25

Uses high-frequency ultrasound waves; commonly used to monitor fetus; evaluates glands, lumps, joints, and guides needles during biopsy

Question 26

Computed Tomography

Answer 26

Sophisticated use of x-rays, slices combined to make 3D image, higher exposure to x-rays; used to identify tumors, kidney stones, etc

Question 27

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Answer 27

Electromagnet-generated field and radiowaves; cause the protons in hydrogen atoms to align; soft tissues are imaged; Radiowaves cause protons to absorb energy; functional MRI can map brain function based on local oxygen concentration differences in blood flow

Question 28

Position Emission Tomography

Answer 28

Radioactively labeled glucose releasing positrons; positron and electron collide and emit gamma rays to be read by a sensor; metabolic state; (brain scans, cardiac scans, cancer metastases)

Question 29

Epigastric Region

Answer 29

Above the stomach

Question 30

Umbilical

Answer 30

Belly-Button

Question 31

Hypogastric Region

Answer 31

Below the stomach

Question 32

L/R Hypochondriac Region

Answer 32

Below the Rib Cartilage

Question 33

L/R Lumbar Region

Answer 33

Mid Back

Question 34

L/R Iliac Region

Answer 34

Lower Back

Question 35

Axial Region

Answer 35

Includes head, neck, and trunk; must have for life; forms the main vertical axis of the body

Question 36

Appendicular region

Answer 36

Composed of the upper and lower limbs and the bones that connect them (scapula and hip bones)

Question 37

Posterior Aspect

Answer 37

Includes the cranial cavity and vertebral canal (completely encased in bone); Continuous Connected Cavity

Question 38

Ventral Cavity

Answer 38

Includes the Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity; Lines with serous membranes (continuous layer of cells) Divided by the diaphragm

Question 39

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 39

Above the diaphragm

Question 40

Pleural Cavity

Answer 40

Two-layered serous membrane associated with the lungs; potential space has serous fluid

Question 41

Mediastinum

Answer 41

Contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels that connect to the heart

Question 42

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 42

Potential space between parietal and visceral layers containing serous fluid

Question 43

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 43

Includes the Abdominal Cavity and the Pelvic Cavity

Question 44

Cranial Cavity

Answer 44

Contains the Brain; formed by bones of the cranium

Question 45

Vertebral Canal

Answer 45

Contains the Spinal Chord; formed by the bones of the vertebral column

Question 46

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 46

Just beneath the diaphragm

Question 47

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 47

Below the Abdominal Cavity

Question 48

Parietal Layer

Answer 48

Lines the internal surface of the body wall

Question 49

Visceral Layer

Answer 49

Covers the external surface of organs