Chapter 6 Flashcards
Intgument
The skin covering the body; Also known as the cutaneous membrane
Dermatology
The study and treatment of skin
Epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratum Basale
Deepest epidermal Layer; Occupied by keratinocytes; melanocytes, and tactile cells
Stratum Spinosum
Several layers of polygonal keratinocytes; also contains dendritic cells (immune cells) and melanocytes
Stratum Granulosum
3-5 layers of keratinocytes; fist layer of keratinization
Stratum lucidum
Translucent layer of keratinocytes; found only in thick skin; Filled with eleidin (transparent protein)
Stratum Corneum
20-30 layers of dead, interlocking keratinized cells;
Melanin
Pigment produced and stored in melanocytes
Carotene
Yellow-orange pigment acquired from orange vegetables (Vitamin A)
Thick Skin
Hands and feet; all 5 layers of epidermal strata; no hair follicles or sebaceous glands
Thin Skin
Covers most of the body; lacks stratum lucidum; has sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands
Papillary Layer of Dermis
Superficial region of the dermis; composed of areolar connective tissue; Dermal Papillae contain capillaries and sensory nerve endings; Interlock and increase the area of contact between layers
Reticular Layer of the Dermis
Extends from the papillary layer to the subcutaneous layer; primarily dense irregular connective tissue; contains large bundles of collage fibers
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous Layer; areolar and adipose connective tissue; not part of integumentary system but closely involved with structure and function of skin
Lines of Clevage
Collagen and elastic fibers oriented in parallel bundles function to resist stress
Lanugo Hair
Fine, downy hair that appears in the last trimester
Vellus Hair
Primary human hair found on upper and lower limbs
Terminal Hair
Coarser, pigmented, longer; Found on scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and beards; Replaces Vellus hair in axillary and pubic regions during puberty
Functions of Hair (6)
Protection; Facial Expression; Heat Retention; Sensory reception; Visual Identification; Chemical Signal Dispersion
Merocrine Glands
Simple, coiled tubular glands; discharge secretions onto skin surface; Major function of thermoregulation; Produce secretions by exocytosis
Sebaceous Glands
Produce oily secretion called sebum; holocrine glands; activated during puberty; secretion stimulated by hormones (androgens)
Apocrine Glands
Coiled tubular glands; discharge secretions into hair follicles; produce secretions by exocytosis; found in axillae, around nipples, and in pubic region; Produce viscous cloudy secretions that contain protein and lipids and produce odor when acted on by bacteria
Ceruminous Glands
Modified apocrine glands; produce cerumen (ear-wax) that helps trap foreign material and lubricate acoustic meatus and eardrum
Mammary Glands
Modified apocrine sweat glands; only function in pregnant and lactating females; produce milk
