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ANPH 209 > Chapter 8 The Appendicular skeleton > Flashcards

Chapter 8 The Appendicular skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Body movements. As “appendages” to the central skeleton, these bones include those of the upper and lower limbs

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2
Q

The shoulder girdle involves what?

A

Clavicle and scapula

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3
Q

What is the clavicle?

A

S shape bone on the collar

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4
Q

What does the medial (sternal) end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

Manubrium of the sternum

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5
Q

What does the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

The acromion of the scapula

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6
Q

What is the scapula?

A

The flat bone that is located in the superior part of the posterior thorax between the second and seventh rib?

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7
Q

What is the glenoid cavity?

A

The attachment point for the humerus

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8
Q

What does the humerus articulate with?

A
  1. The scapula proximally
  2. Radius and ulna distally
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9
Q

What are the radius and the ulna?

A

The two bones of the forearm

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10
Q

How is the elbow formed?

A

The olecranon and coronoid process at the proximal end of the ulna form the trochlear notch which wraps around the trochlea of the humerus

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11
Q

Which side is the radius located on the arm?

A

The lateral (thumbside) of the forearm

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12
Q

What allows the forearm to rotate?

A

The articulation of its head with the capitulum of the humerus and with the ulna

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13
Q

What are the carpal bones?

A

8 small bones connected to each other by ligaments and are arranged in two rows of four bones each

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14
Q

What is the proximal row of the carpals?

A

The row that articulates with the distal radius and ulna

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15
Q

What is the distal row of the carpals?

A

The row that articulates with the metacarpals

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16
Q

How many metacarpals do we have and what do they make up?

A

We have 5 and they make up the palm and back of the hand

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17
Q

How do we number the metacarpals?

A

1-5 starting with the thumb

18
Q

What are the phalanges?

A

14 in total and are the bones of the digits

19
Q

How forms the pelvic girdle?

A

Two hip bones

  1. Os coxa,
  2. Coxal bones
20
Q

The hip bone is made up what?

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ischium
  3. Pubis
21
Q

The two bones of the hips articulate with what?

A

They articulate anteriorly at the pubic bones

22
Q

What is located between the bones in the pelvic girdle?

A

a disc of fibrocartilage

23
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A

The hip socket joint in the hip for the femur

24
Q

How is the pelvic girdle divided?

A

It is divided in the superior and inferior portion by the pelvic brim

25
Q

What is the false (greater) pelvis?

A

The area of the bony pelvis superior to the pelvic brim

26
Q

What is the true (lesser) pelvis?

A

The are of the boy pelvis inferior to the pelvic brim

27
Q

What is one way the female and male pelvis is different?

A

The female pelvis is lighter and structured to meet the requirements of pregnancy and childbirth

28
Q

What is the femur?

A

The longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body

29
Q

What does the femur articulate with?

A
  1. The superior portion articulates with the acetabulum
  2. The distal end articulates with the tibia and patella
30
Q

What is the patella?

A

The triangular bone that develops in the quadriceps tendon

31
Q

What does the lower leg consist of?

A

Tibia and fibula

32
Q

What does the tibia articulate with?

A
  1. Proximal end articulates with femur
  2. Distal end articulates with talus bone of the ankle
33
Q

What is the tibial tuberosity?

A

The portion of the anterior surface of the tibia which is the point of attachment for the patella ligament

34
Q

How many bones does the tarsus have?

A

7 tarsal bones

  1. talus
  2. calcaneus
  3. navicular
  4. 3 cuneiforms
  5. cuboid
35
Q

How many bones is the metatarsus made up?

A

5 metatarsal bones and just like the carpels it is numbered 1-5 with the big toe being 1

36
Q

What does the tarsals make up?

A

The sole and dorsal surface of the foot

37
Q

What does the tarsals articulate with?

A
  1. proximal end articulates with the 3 cuneiform bones and the cuboid
  2. The distal end articulates with the proximal phalanges
38
Q

Is there any difference in the phalanges in the foot and hand?

A

Nope

39
Q

What are the arches in the foot supported by?

A

Ligaments and tendons

40
Q

What is the purpose of the arches?

A

To allow the foot to support the weight of the body, provide leverage while walking, and distribute the body’s weight over the foot

41
Q

What are the two arches in the foot?

A
  1. Longitudinal arch
  2. Transverse arch

ANPH 209 (22 decks)

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