Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology 101 > Chapter 8 pt. 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 pt. 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards Physics 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List the common flaws in reasoning.

A
  1. ignoring base rates
  2. the conjunction fallacy
  3. Gambler’s fallacy
  4. overestimating the improbable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between conjunction fallacy and Gambler’s fallacy?

A

Conjunction fallacy: occurs when people estimate that the odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone.

Gambler’s fallacy: belief that odds a chance event increase if the event has not occurred recently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is loss aversion?

A

people tend to assume that losses will have more impact on them than gains of equal size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What test was created in 1905 to test intelligence?

A

Binet-Simo intelligence scale: created to find struggling school children (mental age)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who created the Binet-Simo intelligence scale?

A

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What test was created in 1916 to test intelligence?

A

intelligence quotient (IQ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who created the IQ test?

A

Standford Binet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

________-_______ (1916) was modified by Lewis Terman.

A

Standford-Binet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Standford-Binet (1916) was modified by ______ _______

A

Lewis Terman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the equation for finding IQ?

A

mental age/ chronological age x 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What test was created in 1955 to test intelligence?

A

Wechlser Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who invented the Wechlser Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?

A

David Drechsler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IQ score indicates where you fall in the _______ __________.

A

normal distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IQ tests are good indicators of _________/_______ intelligence.

A

academic/verbal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IQ tests are predictive of ___________ attainment.

A

occupational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IQ tests are predictive of occupational __________.

A

attainment

17
Q

How do we find evidence for hereditary influence in intelligence?

A

twin studies

18
Q

The general consensus is that about ___% of intelligence is heritable

A

50

19
Q

How do we find evidence for environmental influence in intelligence?

A

adoption studies, cumulative deprivation hypothesis, and flynn effect

20
Q

What is the difference between adoption studies, cumulative deprivation hypothesis, and the flynn effect?

A

Adoption studies- show that siblings reared together are more similar than siblings reared apart

Cumulative deprivation hypothesis-gradual decline in IQ when raised in substandard conditions

Flynn effect: industrialized nations show an increase in IQ over time

21
Q

The flynn effect could be caused by reductions in the prevalence of ___________ among children.

A

malnutrition

22
Q

The flynn effect could be caused by increased access to ___________ and more demanding curricula in schools over the last century.

A

education

23
Q

The flynn effect could be caused by increased access to education and more demanding _________ in schools over the last century.

A

curricula

24
Q

some believe we have a _________ ________, the genetically determined limits of IQ

A

Reaction Range

25
Q

Why do people with higher IQ’s tend to have better health?

A

they are more informed about health issues

26
Q

Sternberg’s theory of intelligence consists of what three intelligences?

A

analytical intelligence
creative intelligence
practical intelligence

27
Q

What is the difference between analytical, creative, and practical intelligence

A

Analytical intelligence- mental steps of ‘components’ used to solve problems

Creative intelligence- use of experience in ways that foster insight

Practical intelligence- ability to read and adapt to the contexts of everyday life

28
Q

Howard Gardner argues that IQ tests generally emphasize _______ and _____________ skills, often excluding other important skills.

A

verbal

mathematical

29
Q

List Howard Gardner’s intelligences.

A
  1. Visual/Spatial Intelligence
  2. Verbal/ Linguistic Intelligence
  3. Logical/Mathematical Intelligence
  4. Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
  5. Musical Intelligence
  6. Interpersonal Intelligence
  7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
  8. Naturalist Intelligence
30
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves visual perception of the environment, the ability to create and manipulate mental images, and the orientation of the body in space.

A

Visual/Spatial Intelligence

31
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves reading, writing, speaking, and conversing in one’s own or foreign languages.

A

Verbal/ Linguistic Intelligence

32
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves number and computing skills, recognizing patterns and relationships, timeliness and order, and the ability to solve different kinds of problems through logic.

A

Logical/Mathematical Intelligence

33
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves physical coordination and dexterity, using fine and gross motor skills, and expressing oneself or learning through physical activities.

A

Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence

34
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves understanding and expressing oneself through music and rhythmic movements or dance, or composing, playing, or conducting music.

A

Musical Intelligence

35
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves understanding how to communicate with and understand other people and how to work collaboratively.

A

Interpersonal Intelligence

36
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves understanding one’s inner world of emotions and thoughts, and growing in the ability to control them and work with them consciously.

A

Intrapersonal Intelligence

37
Q

Which one of Gardner’s intelligences is this: Involves understanding the natural world of plants and animals, noticing their characteristics, and categorizing them; it generally involves keen observation and the ability to classify other things as well.

A

Naturalist Intelligence

Psychology 101 (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions