Chapter 11 pt. 2

Question 1

Dog people had slightly higher scores on what factors of the five-factor model of personality?

Answer 1

• extraversion
• agreeableness
• conscientiousness

Question 2

Cat people had slightly higher scores on what factors of the five-factor model of personality?

Answer 2

• neuroticism

- openness

Question 3

psychodynamic theories-> descend from ________ ______’s work

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud

Question 4

____________ theories-> descend from Sigmund Freud’s work

Answer 4

psychodynamic

Question 5

Psychoanalytic theories= years of data + ____________

Answer 5

psychoanalysis

Question 6

Psychoanalytic theories= years of _____ + psychoanalysis

Answer 6

data

Question 7

____________ theories= years of data + psychoanalysis

Answer 7

Psychoanalytic

Question 8

____________ theories attempts to explain personality, motivation, and psychological disorders.

Answer 8

Psychoanalytic

Question 9

Psychoanalytic theories attempts to explain __________, ________, and ____________ _________.

Answer 9

personality
motivation
psychological disorders

Question 10

Psychoanalytic Theories focused on the __________.

Answer 10

unconscious

Question 11

According to Sigmund Freud what are the three main structures of personality?

Answer 11

1. id
2. ego
3. superego

Question 12

What is the difference between id, ego, and superego?

Answer 12

id: instictive, primitive personaltiy component
ego: the decision-making component
superego: the moral component, incorporates social standards with morality

Question 13

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: operates using pleasure principle, which demands immediate satisfaction of urges?

Answer 13

id

Question 14

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: operates using the reality principle, process that delays gratification of id (i.e., the self-control component)?

Answer 14

ego

Question 15

Which structure of personality is this according to Freud: like the ego, the superego operates at all three levels of awareness?

Answer 15

superego

Question 16

What is behavior according Freud’s structure of personality?

Answer 16

behavior is the outcome of these three “battling”

Question 17

Explain the conflict between the three components of Freud’s structure of personality.

Answer 17

id: gratify urges immediately
ego: holds urges in check w/reality
superego: holds urges in check w/ morality

Question 18

These conflicts [between structures of personality] lead to _______, which causes the ego to construct _________ ____________, exercises in self-deception, as protection

Answer 18

anxiety

defense mechanisms

Question 19

What are Freud’s levels of Awareness?

Answer 19

1. Conscious
2. Preconscious
3. Unconscious

Question 20

Which level of consciousness is this: fully aware, includes processes induced from external (sensory) and internal (thoughts) sources?

Answer 20

Conscious

Question 21

Which level of consciousness is this: material just under the surface, retrievable?

Answer 21

Preconscious

Question 22

Which level of consciousness is this: thoughts, memories, desires well under conscious awareness, BUT are able to influence conscious behavior?

Answer 22

Unconscious

Question 23

What are the ego’s defense mechanisms?

Answer 23

1. repression
2. projection
3. displacement
4. reaction formation
5. regression
6. rationalization
7. identification
8. sublimation

Question 24

Which ego defense mechanism is this: keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious

Answer 24

repression

Question 25

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a traumatized soldier has no recollection of the details of a close brush with death

Answer 25

repression

Question 26

Which ego defense mechanism is this: attributing one’s own thoughts, feelings or motives to another

Answer 26

projection

Question 27

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a woman who dislikes her boss thinks she likes her boss but feels that the boss doesn’t like her

Answer 27

projection

Question 28

Which ego defense mechanism is this: diverting emotional feelings (usually anger) from their original source to a substitute target

Answer 28

displacement

Question 29

Which ego defense mechanism is this: after a parental scolding, a young girl takes her anger out on her little brother

Answer 29

displacement

Question 30

Which ego defense mechanism is this: behaving in a way that is exactly the opposite of one’s true feelings

Answer 30

reaction formation

Question 31

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a parent who unconsciously resents a child spoils the child with outlandish gifts

Answer 31

reaction formation

Question 32

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a reversion to immature patterns of behavior

Answer 32

regression

Question 33

Which ego defense mechanism is this: an adult has a temper tantrum when he doesn’t get his way

Answer 33

regression

Question 34

Which ego defense mechanism is this: creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behavior

Answer 34

rationalization

Question 35

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a student watches TV instead of studying, saying that “additional study wouldn’t do any good anyway

Answer 35

rationalization

Question 36

Which ego defense mechanism is this: bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group

Answer 36

identification

Question 37

Which ego defense mechanism is this: an insecure young man joins a fraternity to boost his self-esteem

Answer 37

identification

Question 38

Which ego defense mechanism is this: channeling unconscious, unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable or admirable activities

Answer 38

sublimation

Question 39

Which ego defense mechanism is this: a person obsesses with sex becomes a sex therapist and helps others with their sexual problems

Answer 39

sublimation