Chapter 7 Keywords

Question 1

The initial growth phase, during which cell number remains relatively constant prior to rapid growth

Answer 1

Lag phase

Question 2

The phase of a growth curve during which the population is growing at a constant and maximum rate

Answer 2

Exponential Phase

Question 3

The process of forming a cross wall between two daughter cells during cell division

Answer 3

Septation

Question 4

An organism that requires a salty environment

Answer 4

Halophile

Question 5

Microorganisms that grow in extreme environments.

Answer 5

Extremophiles

Question 6

process in which bacteria monitor their own population density by sensing the levels of signal molecules that are released by the microorganisms.

Answer 6

quorum sensing

Question 7

Microorganisms that do not require oxygen for growth but do grow better with it

Answer 7

Facultative Anaerobe

Question 8

an organism, especially a bacterium, that does not require air or free oxygen to live

Answer 8

Anaerobe

Question 9

The decrease in the number of viable microorganisms that occurs after the completion of growth in culture

Answer 9

Death Phase

Question 10

The time required for a microbial population to double in number

Answer 10

Generation time

Question 11

Asexual reproduction in which a cell or an organism separates into two identical daughter cells

Answer 11

Binary Fission

Question 12

Enzymes that partially digest peptidoglycan in growing bacteria so that the cell wall can be enlarged.

Answer 12

Autolysins

Question 13

Requiring high temperatures for normal development, as certain bacteria

Answer 13

Thermophile

Question 14

The phase of microbial growth in a batch culture when population growth ceases and the growth curve levels off.

Answer 14

Stationary phase

Question 15

An increase in the number of microorganisms

Answer 15

Growth

Question 16

An organism, such as a bacterium, requiring oxygen to live

Answer 16

Obligate aerobe

Question 17

Processes that apportion the cytoplasm and organelles, synthesize a septum, and divide a cell into two daughter cells during cell division.

Answer 17

Cytokinesis

Question 18

A microorganism that has its growth optimum between about pH 0 and 5.5.

Answer 18

Acidophile

Question 19

a group of proteins that are characterized by their affinity for and binding of penicillin. They are normally involved in the polymeriztion and modification of peptidoglycan

Answer 19

Penicillin Binding Proteins

Question 20

Organized microbial communities associated with surfaces, often with complex structural and functional characteristics

Answer 20

Biofilm

Question 21

the best or most favorable point, degree, amount, etc., as of temperature, light, and moisture for the growth or reproduction of an organism.

Answer 21

Optimum