Chapter 6 (page 33)

Question 1

__________ make up the bulk of cellular structures. __________ are broken down in AA. The cells remove the AA from the blood and use them to _______ proteins in the body.

Answer 1

Proteins
Ingested proteins
build

Question 2

What happens to proteins when used for energy?

Answer 2

When AA are used for energy, amine groups are removed as ammonia . The rest of the molecules enter the Krebs cycle.
The ammonia is released during the process, it can be toxic to body cells especially nerve cells.
The liver comes to the rescue by combining the ammonia with CO2 to form urea, which flushes out in the urine.

Question 3

It is formed by combining ammonia and Carbon dioxide.

Answer 3

Urea

Question 4

What the liver does to prevent toxic effects of ammonia?

Answer 4

The liver comes to the rescue by combining the ammonia with CO2 to form urea, which flushes out in the urine.

Question 5

_____________ Is the rate at which food is catabolized under basal conditions. Is the number of calories of heat that must be produced per hour to keep the body alive, awake and warm. The body is not trying to digest or adjust to temperatures.

Answer 5

Basal Metabolism Rate (BMR):

Question 6

What is Total Metabolism Rate (TMR)?

Answer 6

Total amount of energy used by the body per day.

Question 7

When the number of calories equals your TMR your weight remains the same. Then, when calories are more than your TMR, you ____________ .

Answer 7

gain weight

Question 8

When a person lose weight. What happens to the calories?

Answer 8

Calories are less than TMR

Question 9

What is the percentage of energy the body uses to maintain body temperature?

Answer 9

more than 60% of energy

Question 10

Maintaining body temperature is regulated by the ______________ .

Answer 10

Hypothalamus

Question 11

What is the normal body temperature in Celsius?

Answer 11

36.2 - 37.6 degrees Celsius

Question 12

What is 97 - 100 degrees Fahrenheit in Celsius?

Answer 12

36.2 - 37.6 degrees Celsius

Question 13

Protect the body from excessively high temperature.

Answer 13

Heat-loss mechanisms

Question 14

Heat loss of (80-90%) is through the ________ .The other 10-20% is lost through __________ .

Answer 14

skin

breathing

Question 15

It results from activation of heat loss centers:

Answer 15

When heat loss centers are activated it triggers the vasodilation of cutaneous blood vessels. Vasomotor fibres serving blood vessels of the skin allows the vessels to dilate. As the skin vasculature swells with warm blood

Question 16

Heat loss happens in different ways such as through:

Answer 16

Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation

Question 17

____________ - This is direct contact that promotes heat loss. Heat is transferred from the surface of one object to the surface of another object.

Answer 17

Conduction

Question 18

____________ - Most heat is lost through radiation. Heat radiates from the body to cooler surface areas. Heat is transferred from the surface of one object/area to another without contact between them.

Answer 18

Radiation