Chapter 2 (page 11)

Question 1

A proteins that help enhances non-specific immunity and protect the body against viruses:

Answer 1

Interferon

Question 2

This binding process hinders the ability of viruses to multiply within these cells:

Answer 2

Interferon molecules diffuse to nearby cells and bind to their membrane receptors.

Question 3

What is Fever?

Answer 3

Abnormally high body temperature represents a systemic response to invading micro-organisms.

Question 4

What is the normal body temperature?

Answer 4

37 degrees C or 98.6 degrees F

Question 5

Normal body temperature increases in response to chemicals called ___________ , which are secreted by leukocytes, and macrophages exposed to bacteria.

Answer 5

pyrogens

Question 6

What happen if there is a fever?

Answer 6

High fevers are dangerous because excess heat inactivates enzymes.
Mild or moderate fevers (102 - 103 F) benefit the body. Bacteria require large amounts of iron and zinc to proliferate.During a fever the body hides these minerals in the spleen and liver making them less available to the bacteria.
Fever also speeds up the defensive actions and repair process.

Question 7

It provides specific protection against invading agents. It involves the bodies ability to remember and to recognition and respond to these agents:

Answer 7

Specific immunity

Question 8

Activity of immune system is called:

Answer 8

the immune response.

Question 9

The immune response recognizes and is directed against particular pathogens or foreign bodies.

Answer 9

The immune response : Is Antigen - specific

Question 10

Immunity is not restricted to the initial infection site.

Answer 10

The immune response : Is systemic

Question 11

After initial exposure the immune system recognizes and mounts an even stronger attack on the previously encountered pathogens.

Answer 11

The immune response : Has memory

Question 12

Is it true that, the first time the body is invaded by certain bacteria, disease symptoms may occur. The second time the body is invaded by the same bacteria, no symptoms occur. (The person has become immune). Here the immune system must be exposed to a foreign substance (antigen) before it can protect the body against the substance.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

It is a substances that mobilize the immune system and provoke an immune response. And has the ability to stimulate proliferation of specific lymphocytes and formation of specific antibodies.

Answer 13

Antigen