Chapter 6 (page 29) Flashcards
__________ refers to the food that we eat.
Nutrition
_________ are substances in food that are used by the body
to promote normal growth, maintenance and repair.
Nutrients
Energy of food is measured in __________.
Kilocalories
____________ is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius.
One kilocalorie
What is Malnutrition?
It is a deficiency or imbalance in the consumption of food, vitamins and minerals.
______________ - There are ________ of molecules that must be provided by the diet because they can not be synthesized in the body. The body can synthesize hundreds of molecules required for life and good health.
Essential nutrients
45-50 types
Four basic food types that requires for proper nutrition:
A) carbohydrates
B) fats
C) proteins
D) plus vitamins and minerals
It is an organic compound formed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Fats (lipids)
What is Carbohydrates?
It is an organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen derived by plants (except
for milk sugar and small amounts of glycogen in meats).
_________________ is the carbohydrate molecule ultimately delivered to and used by body cells.
Monosaccharide glucose
The minimum requirement of carbohydrates is ______ but __________ is presumed to be the smallest amount needed to maintain adequate blood glucose levels.
unknown
100 grams per day
What are the sources of fats?
They are obtained by ingesting cholesterol (like eggs), phospholipids. Fats are found in meat and dairy, some plants and also in seeds, nuts and oils (unsaturated fats). ..
The most abundant dietary lipids are:
neutral fats
Neutral fats are also known as:
triglycerides
Fats from plants are known as:
saturated fats
Fats in the body are controlled by the ______ and ____________and are essential in the body.
liver
adipose tissue
Reason why fats are essential in the body:
i) Help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins.
ii) Source of energy for liver cells and skeletal muscles
iii) Fatty deposits in adipose tissue provide protection, insulation and concentrated source of energy fuel.
_________________ are fats that must be ingested and are found in vegetable oils and some foods.
Essential fatty acids
True or False:
Not all fats are used for energy (cholesterol).
True
Fats should be approximately no more than ____ of daily caloric intake. _____________ , no more than 10% and ________ intake should be no more 250-mg daily.
30%
Saturated fats
cholesterol
