Chapter 4 (page 22) Flashcards
Any small leakage that occurs is picked up by the __________ and returned to the
bloodstream.
lymphatic vessels
Exchanges between interstitial and intracellular fluids are more complex due to:
the selective permeability of cellular membranes.
To sum up - movement of nutrients, respiration gases and wastes are typically _________.
unidirectional.
Only fluids that circulates throughout the body and links the external and
internal environment. Exchanges occur in lungs, GI tract and kidneys.
plasma
These exchanges can alter plasma composition therefore altering the other two fluid compartments to restore balance.
Exchanges between interstitial and intracellular fluids
Electrolytes (salts) provide minerals essential for neuromuscular excitability, membrane permeability and many other cellular functions. Salts are important in controlling fluid movement.
SALTS
How the salts enter the body?
enters the body in foods and fluids and during metabolic activity.
How salts lost from the body?
salts are lost from the
body in perspiration, feces and urine.
Regulating the balance between sodium (type of electrolyte) input and output is an important of the function of the ________.
kidneys
This mechanism restores normal extracellular fluid (ECF) volume when it decreases below normal.
The Aldosterone Mechanism
What will happen if there is a decrease in ECF volume?
There is also a decrease in blood volume and B/P.
When there is a decrease in blood volume and B/P, it stimulates:
Baroreceptors in hypothalamus to stimulate the
Adrenal Cortex to increase secretion of Aldosterone.
The Kidneys then start to reabsorb sodium, which will increase the reabsorption of _______. Thus, the ECF volume increases.
water
If ADH levels are ______ , most water reaching the collecting ducts is simply allowed to pass through. This results in ______ urine and a reduced volume of body fluids.
low
dilute
The amount of water reabsorbed in the collecting ducts of kidneys is _________ to ADH
release.
proportional
