Chapter 5 (page 24) Flashcards
________ are electrolytes that can release hydrogen ions. When released in water they release hydrogen ions.
Acids
When a solution is an acid it has a pH:
lower than 7.0 (neutral)
What is a base?
Bases are electrolytes that can release hydroxide ions.
When a solution has a pH
higher than 7.0 t is considered:
base
Three (3) Mechanisms that control the pH levels of Body Fluids and helps maintain pH homeostasis in the body.
1) Buffer Mechanism
2) Respiratory Mechanism
3) Urinary Mechanism
Is a substance that prevents a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when an acid or base is added to it.
Buffer
Buffers that consist of two kinds of substances.
Buffer pair
Example of a Buffer System:
Sodium Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid System
Phosphate buffer system
Protein buffer system
The statement is an example of Buffer System: True or False
Sodium Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid System
If a strong acid like hydrochloric acid is added to this system, then it will bind with the Sodium
Bicarbonate. This reaction forms salt and carbonic acid, which is a weak acid therefore
hydrogen ion concentration of blood is lower than it would have been if HCl acid were not
buffered.
True
The statement is an example of Buffer System: True or False
Sodium Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid System
If Sodium hydroxide (strong acid) is added to this system, the carbonic acid binds with it to form water and Sodium Bicarbonate, which is a weak base. Buffering increased the number of hydroxide ions in the system. Therefore the solution has a lower concentration of Hydroxide
then there would have been if no buffering had occurred.
False
If Sodium hydroxide (strong base) is added to this system, the carbonic acid binds with it to form water and Sodium Bicarbonate, which is a weak base. Buffering decreased the number of hydroxide ions in the system. Therefore the solution has a lower concentration of Hydroxide
then there would have been if no buffering had occurred.
In respiratory mechanism what happens with every expiration?
CO2 and water leave the body. Therefore less CO2 is in arterial blood.
There is less CO2 available for combining with water to form _________.Therefore, arterial blood contains ______carbonic acid and ______ hydrogen ions and has a _____ pH level than venous blood. Any change in respiration can change blood pH levels.
carbonic acid
less
fewer
higher
The statement is an example of Buffer System: True or False
Sodium Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid System
If a strong acid like hydrochloric acid is added to this system, then it will bind with the Sodium
Bicarbonate. This reaction forms salt and carbonic acid, which is a weak acid therefore
hydrogen ion concentration of blood is lower than it would have been if HCl acid were not
buffered.
True
The statement is an example of Buffer System: True or False
Sodium Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid System
If Sodium hydroxide (strong acid) is added to this system, the carbonic acid binds with it to form water and Sodium Bicarbonate, which is a weak base. Buffering increased the number of hydroxide ions in the system. Therefore the solution has a lower concentration of Hydroxide
then there would have been if no buffering had occurred.
False
If Sodium hydroxide (strong base) is added to this system, the carbonic acid binds with it to form water and Sodium Bicarbonate, which is a weak base. Buffering decreased the number of hydroxide ions in the system. Therefore the solution has a lower concentration of Hydroxide
then there would have been if no buffering had occurred.
In respiratory mechanism what happens with every expiration?
CO2 and water leave the body. Therefore less CO2 is in arterial blood.
